Organic Chemistry
Resonance If It’s Resonance, What Is Resonating?Kerber, Robert C.. J. Chem. Educ. 2006 83 223. Abstract^33 (Much of this text o ...
11 Acids and bases 11.1 Arrhenius Definition: Hydroxide and Hydronium Ions The first and earliest definition of acids and bases ...
Acids and bases HA−−→←−H++A− The Brønsted-Lowry definiton of acids and bases is one of two definitions still in common use by mo ...
pKaand Acidity This will all be discussed in greater detail as the topics of specific reactions and reaction mechanisms are cove ...
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12 Unit 2: Alkanes and cycloalkanes Alkanes are the simplest organic molecules, consisting of only carbon and hydrogen and with ...
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13 Introduction Figure 17 2,2-dimethylpropane or neopentane. An example of an alkane Alkanes are the simplest and least reactive ...
Introduction carbon bond and the carbon-hydrogen bond is quite high and their rapid oxidation produces a large amount of heat, t ...
Ethane Figure 19 A balloon model of the electron clouds repelling each other in a molecule of methane. 13.3 Ethane Two carbons s ...
Introduction There are several common methods to draw organic molecules. You will use them inter- changeably although sometimes ...
14 Drawing alkanes When writing out the alkane structures, you can use different levels of shorthand depending on the needs at h ...
Drawing alkanes Structures drawn without explicitly showing all carbon atoms are often called ”skeletal” structures, since they ...
15 Conformations Conformers, also calledconformational isomers, orrotational isomers, are ar- rangements of the same molecule ma ...
Conformations 15.2 Conformations and energy. Different conformations have different potential energies. The staggered conformati ...
Steric effects Anti Eclipsed Gauche Eclipsed ...
Conformations When the larger groups overlap they repel each other more strongly than do hydrogen, and the potential energy goes ...
16 Preparation of Alkanes 16.0.1 Wurtz reaction Wurtz reaction is coupling of haloalkanes using sodium metal in solvent like dry ...
Preparation of Alkanes The Clemmensen reduction is particularly effective at reducing aryl-alkyl ketones. With aliphatic or cycl ...
Entropy 16.0.4 Mozingo Reduction A thioketal is first produced by reaction of the ketone with an appropriate thiol. The product ...
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