bei48482_FM
Classical physics fails to provide a meaningful analysis of atomic structure because it approaches nature in terms of “pure” par ...
128 Chapter Four gratings. Figure 4.8 shows the emission line spectraof several elements. Every element displays a unique line s ...
Atomic Structure 129 sun, which radiates very nearly like a blackbody heated to 5800 K, is surrounded by an envelope of cooler g ...
130 Chapter Four Lyman R n2, 3, 4, (4.7) In the infrared, three spectral series have been found whose lines have the w ...
Atomic Structure 131 By substituting 5.3 10 ^11 m for the radius rof the electron orbit (see Example 4.1), we find the electr ...
132 Chapter Four interference will occur as the waves travel around the loop, and the vibrations will die out rapidly. By consid ...
Atomic Structure 133 n 2 rn n1, 2, 3,... (4.12) where rndesignates the radius of the orbit that contain nwavelengths. The in ...
134 Chapter Four The lowest energy level E 1 is called the ground stateof the atom, and the higher levels E 2 , E 3 , E 4 ,... a ...
Atomic Structure 135 Example 4.2 An electron collides with a hydrogen atom in its ground state and excites it to a state of n 3 ...
136 Chapter Four If the quantum number of the initial (higher-energy) state is niand the quantum number of the final (lower-ener ...
Atomic Structure 137 Balmer nf2: n3, 4, 5, Paschen nf3: n4, 5, 6, Brackett nf4: n5, 6, ...
138 Chapter Four which is indeed the same as R. Bohr’s model of the hydrogen atom is therefore in accord with the spectral data. ...
Atomic Structure 139 and so the frequency of revolution is f (4.19) Example 4.5 (a) Find the frequencies of revolution o ...
140 Chapter Four so that (4.20) When p1, the frequency of the radiation is exactly the same as the frequency of rotation f ...
Atomic Structure 141 demonstrated in Sec. 8.6.) If mis the electron mass and Mthe nuclear mass, then m is given by Reduced mass ...
142 Chapter Four where mis the electron mass. From Eq. (4.23) the energy levels of a positronium “atom” are En This means t ...
Atomic Structure 143 excite atoms they collide with. Because energy transfer is a maximum when the colliding particles have the ...
144 Chapter Four When white light, which contains all wavelengths, is passed through hydrogen gas, photons of those wavelengths ...
Atomic Structure 145 If KE is conserved when an electron collides with one of the atoms in the vapor, the electron merely bounce ...
146 Chapter Four 3 A laser beam diverges hardly at all. Such a beam sent from the earth to a mirror left on the moon by the Apol ...
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