bei48482_FM
Atomic Structure 147 stateE 1 has the same likelihood of causing the emission of another photon of energyh as its likelihood of ...
148 Chapter Four Figure 4.26The principle of the laser. hv′ hv′ hv′ hv′ E 2 Excited state E 0 Ground state E 1 Metastable state ...
Atomic Structure 149 As in Fig. 4.28, the laser transition from the metastable state ends at an unstable in- termediate state ra ...
150 Chapter Four in which some of the Al3+ions are replaced by Cr3+ions, which are responsible for the red color. A Cr3+ion has ...
Atomic Structure 151 fraction (one in millions) of the atoms present participates in the laser process at any moment. Many other ...
152 Appendix to Chapter 4 Appendix to Chapter 4 Rutherford Scattering R utherford’s model of the atom was accepted because he wa ...
Here is the alpha-particle velocity far from the nucleus. From Fig. 4.31 we see that according to the law of sines, Since sin ...
The quantity d dtis just the angular velocity of the alpha particle about the nucleus (this is evident from Fig. 4.31). The el ...
Our first step is to note that all alpha particles approaching a target nucleus with an impact parameter from 0 to bwill be scat ...
Example 4.8 Find the fraction of a beam of 7.7-MeV alpha particles that is scattered through angles of more than 45° when incide ...
dfnt 2 cot csc^2 d (4.32) The minus sign expresses the fact that fdecreases with increasing . As we saw in Fig. 4.2, Geig ...
158 Appendix to Chapter 4 4.3 Atomic Spectra What is the shortest wavelength present in the Brackett series of spectral lines? ...
Exercises 159 Show that the frequency of the photon emitted by a hydrogen atom in going from the level n1 to the level nis alw ...
160 CHAPTER 5 Quantum Mechanics 5.1 QUANTUM MECHANICS Classical mechanics is an approximation of quantum mechanics 5.2 THE WAVE ...
A lthough the Bohr theory of the atom, which can be extended further than was done in Chap. 4, is able to account for many aspec ...
Quantum mechanics might seem a poor substitute for classical mechanics. However, classical mechanics turns out to be just an app ...
equal P, then it must be true that Normalization ^2 dV 1 (5.1) since if the particle exists somewhere at all times, ...
Before we tackle Schrödinger’s equation, let us review the wave equation Wave equation (5.3) which governs a wave whose variab ...
x y v A y = A cos ω(t–x/v) Figure 5.1Waves in the xyplane traveling in thexdirection along a stretched string lying on the xaxi ...
166 Chapter Five and the second partial derivative is y y since i^2 1. The partial derivative of ywith respect to t(now ho ...
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