A History of European Art

clearstory: A row of windows in an outside wall that provides lighting in a church. Also spelled clerestory. collage: A composit ...

Glossary multiple original impressions. Drypoints are characterized by soft, dark blacks due to the absorption of ink by the Bur ...

À ying buttress: A characteristic technique of Gothic architecture; diagonal buttresses supported by exterior arches carry the t ...

Glossary Impressionism: Artistic movement originating in the 1860s in which artists attempted to capture the transient effects o ...

modeling: Technique used to produce the illusion of three dimensions in painting by changing colors, adding shadows, and so on. ...

Glossary plein air (French): “Open air”; refers to painting out-of-doors, as opposed to studio painting. pointillism: The techni ...

rococo: An 18th-century style characterized by pastel colors, lively brushwork, and the choice of light, exotic, often erotic, s ...

Glossary tympanum: The area between the lintel of the doorway and the arch above it. It may be decorated with sculpture or paint ...

Biographical Notes Alberti, Leon Battista (1404–1472). Important Florentine architect and theorist whose lasting fame derives fr ...

Biographical Notes Bosch, Hieronymus (1450–1516). A Netherlandish painter known for his dreamlike compositions blending fantasy ...

Caravaggio (Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio) (1571–1610). One of the founders of the 17th-century Baroque style in Rome. Also ...

Biographical Notes Correggio (Antonio Allegri) (1494–1534). Centered in Parma, he took spatial illusionism to a new level of dar ...

Domenichino (Domenico Zampieri) (1581–1641). Bolognese painter who studied with the Carracci and assisted in the decoration in t ...

Biographical Notes Gainsborough, Thomas (1727–1788). English portrait and landscape painter of the 18th century. Gauguin, Paul ( ...

Giotto di Bondone (1266/67–1337). One of the greatest Italian painters of any period, his frescoes in the Scrovegni (Arena) Chap ...

Biographical Notes Greuze, Jean-Baptiste (1725–1805). French painter celebrated in his lifetime for heavily moralizing genre pai ...

Lanfranco, Giovanni (1582–1647). Italian Baroque artist who became the leading fresco painter in Rome after the death of Annibal ...

Biographical Notes Lucas van der Leyden (1494–1538). One of the ¿ nest draftsmen and engravers in Holland and a painter of relig ...

Matisse, Henri (1868–1954).One of the dominant artists of the 20th century, Matisse was a painter, sculptor, and graphic artist. ...

Biographical Notes Parmigianino (Francesco Mazzola) (1503–1540). Born in Parma, where he was inÀ uenced by Correggio, he was a À ...