ECMO-/ECLS

elevated ICP. A subarachnoid hemorrhage is associated with a poor outcome in severe TBI as there is associated cerebral vasospas ...

Figure 4: Raccoon’s eyes (periorbital ecchymosis) and mastoid ecchymosis (Battle’s sign) Hemotympanum may also be a sign of basi ...

complexity and variability between the relationship of ICP and cerebral blood flow, the Monro-Kellie doctrine provides a reasona ...

assessment remains essential (Table 2; Figure 8). This exam should be performed, preferably before the administration of sedatio ...

volume after the compensatory mechanisms of the infant brain have been used. Cerebral edema peaks at 72-96 hours after injury an ...

approximately 90 mL/100 g/min and then gradually declines to adult levels by the mid to late teens. However, cerebral auto-regul ...

reserved for patients with brain stem herniation and current evidence, though severely limited, supports that prophylactic sever ...

electrolyte imbalance and hypovolemia. Recent data suggests that 3% hypertonic saline should be used as the mainstay therapy to ...

Steroids are routinely used and supported in the management of non- traumatic neurologic conditions. However, in the management ...

rewarming of the mild to moderately hypothermic trauma patient with isolated head injury [36].Unfortunately, current large rando ...

Dagi TF, Meyer FB, Poletti CA. The incidence and prevention of meningitis after basilar skull fracture. American Journal of E ...

Upadhyay P, Tripathi V, Singh R et al. Role of hypertonic saline and mannitol in the management of raised intracranial pressure ...

hypothermia improves intracranial hypertension. Critical Care Medicine. 2002;30(12):2742-51. Hutchison JS, Ward, Roxanne E., La ...

Chapter 14 Pediatric Thoracic Trauma Silfrance Tran, MD Anthony C. Chin, MD I. INTRODUCTION Trauma is the leading cause of death ...

Penetrating chest injury is even rarer. It occurs 6 times less frequently than blunt trauma and almost exclusively during the te ...

A. Physical Exam Primary Survey The initial evaluation of a child sustaining thoracic trauma begins with a primary survey, prio ...

contusions, or lacerations are noted as visual surveillance is carried down the chest for obvious signs of external injury. In a ...

tenderness and subcutaneous emphysema. There is increased risk of intrathoracic damage with penetrating injuries, particularly h ...

intrathoracic injury. Concern for injuries in this area, regardless of physical exam findings, merits further endoscopic or radi ...

unstable patient for chest US, unless there concern is for cardiac tamponade. Bedside ultrasound (US) is typically performed as ...