ECMO-/ECLS

 child 90mg/kg  >60kg – 4000mg o IV dose 15mg/kg q6 hours ages 2-12 years; age >12 years 1g q6 hours  max daily dose  ...

o May cause hiccups, nausea, vomiting on emergence. Myoclonus and uncontrolled eye movements also reported.  Dosing: 0.2 – 0.3 ...

2. NSAIDS [13]^  Clinical indications: potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory. Treatment of mild to moderate pain.  Clinical e ...

A. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines have anxiolytic and amnestic properties. They do not have analgesic effects. Benzodiazepines ...

and dyskinetic movements of face, tongue, and limbs, depression of consciousness.  Precautions in neonates: midazolam and fenta ...

B. Barbiturates [2,13]^ Barbiturates globally depress the central nervous system. They do not have anxiolytic or analgesic prope ...

 Onset & elimination: 10-15 minute onset. Elimination 20- 45 hours.  Precautions: o Associated with tolerance and withdraw ...

Dissociative anesthetic, used for induction agent for anesthesia, analgesic for conscious sedation, premedication before inducti ...

 Clinical indications: analgesic. Most effective via epidural route. Oral or transdermal use as adjunct for sedation/analgesia ...

o Effects on CNS to decrease sympathetic tone, stimulates central parasympathetic outflow, decreases sympathetic outflow. o Indu ...

Propofol [13,17]^ 2,6 di-isopropylphenol, an alkylphenol IV general anesthetic  Clinical indications: Use as sedative to facil ...

B. Local Anesthesia [13]^ These agents reversibly block the conduction of neural impulses along central and peripheral nerve pat ...

Spinal  Injection of local anesthetic into subarachnoid space.  Side effects: dural puncture headaches, hemodynamic compromis ...

Noncompetitive binding of acetylcholine receptor at motor end plate causing interruption of nerve impulse transmission. No sedat ...

 Choice of muscle relaxant dependent on duration, route of metabolism, hemodynamic side effects (table 4). Monitoring: train-o ...

 Dimunition of fourth twitch response compared with first twitch response following four 2-Hz stimuli  Abolition of single twi ...

B. Tachyphylaxis [13]: rapid loss of drug effects caused by compensatory neurophysiologic mechanisms due to exhaustion of synapt ...

 Strategies for treatment of withdrawal o gradual wean o conversion to long acting enteral medications (i.e. methadone, clonidi ...

State Behavioral Scale is a sedation assessment instrument for infants and children on mechanical ventilation, which is a descri ...

A. Strategies for weaning  May stop infusions administered for <5 days o Start WAT-1 scoring to monitor for withdrawal  Wea ...