Scarcity and surfeit : the ecology of Africa's conflicts

Conflict and Coffee in Burundi 9 1 Pre-colonial Burundi There is no unanimity of views on the circumstances of Burundi's pre-col ...

92 Scarcity and Surfeit Colonial rule The elements of group identity, political structure and economy noted above were all radic ...

Conflict and Coffee in Burundi 93 The concretisation of political, social and economic categories of ethnic identity was underpi ...

94 Scarcity and Surfeit were the structwing principle of political and economic power, but where wealth circulated within the sy ...

Conflict and Coffee in Burundi 95 The first three outbreaks of violence in 1965, 1972 and 1988 were charac- tensed by the cycle ...

96 Scarcity and Surfeit attempt or for the killing of Tutsi civilians, but most Hutu in public positions, as well as educated, i ...

Conflict and Coffee in Burundi 97 1987-1993) were headed by men from the same village in Bururi. Micombero and Buyoya are also r ...

Scarcity and Surfeit democratic Burundi to many, triggered an extremist backlash, which led to the fighting that continues today ...

Conflict and Coffee in Burundi 99 number of deaths attributed to the two groups in these cyclical waves of vio- lence has been a ...

100 Scarcity and Surfeit enabling small businessmen, mainly Hutu, to benefit from privatisation by reducing bid bonds by 80%; pr ...

Conflict and Coffee in Burundi 101 The violence can truly be called a civil war, since Hutu rebel groups for the first time rea ...

102 Scarcity and Surfeit been various further splits within these groups. Several Tutsi militias also formed during this time in ...

Conflict and €offee in Burundi 103 The Predatory State Natural resources form the basis of material wealth for the state. In Bur ...

104 Scarcity and Surfeit This example illustrates the central characteristic of this kleptocratic and predatory form of state fo ...

Conflict and Coffee in Burundi 105 reinforce and perpetuate the regional and ethnic characteristics of that elite. The army, the ...

106 Scarcity and Surfeit the rural population, and their internment in so-called regroupment camps. With a steadily declining ou ...

Conflict and Coffee in Burundi 107 The monetary value of the few positions in the bureaucracy which are available may certainly ...

108 Scarcity and Surfeit investment must have been mostly inappropriate, unsustainable or not actu- ally carried out. Therefore, ...

Conflict and Coffee in Burundi 109 crackdown in the northern coffee producing areas shows how immediate the connection between c ...

110 Scarcity and Surfeit assistance substituted for any efforts to mobilise internal resources and thus frustrated even minimal ...