Jews and Judaism in World History
Other historians point to a rapid increase in the Jewish population of the Pale, which quadrupled during the nineteenth century. ...
Apart from the harsh impact of the cantonist system, Russian Jewry by and large remained minimally affected by Russian rule prio ...
owing to a sweeping array of reforms that he implemented during the 1860s. Regarding Jews, he eliminated the cantonist units and ...
appearance of Hebrew newspapers such as Ha-Maggid (The Preacher), Ha-Shachar(The Dawn) and Ha-Melitz (The Intercessor) created f ...
ethos in the nineteenth-century sense of the term. This national ethos would not fully mature until after 1881, but its earliest ...
The rise of anti-Semitism during the second half of the nineteenth century challenged the gains that Jews had made during that c ...
Others, however, regarded themselves as the victims of the changes of the nineteenth century, specifically the clergy, nobility, ...
Anti-Semitism galvanized all of this criticism and discontent. The term, coined by the German sociologist Wilhelm Marr in 1879, ...
Left-wing anti-Semitism was more subtle and more sophisticated, dating back to an essay by Karl Marx on the question of Jewish e ...
from French investors. This incident resonated with the anti-Semitic and conspiratorial claims of La France juive, a popular boo ...
and central Europe, even during the height of the Dreyfus Affair. For example, an anti-Semitic French general had designed and m ...
1881 In contrast to the non-violent nature of anti-Semitism in western and central Europe was the outbreak of pogroms in the Rus ...
causes of the pogroms more rigorously, one in each province of the Pale. Five out of sixteen suggested abolishing the Pale of Se ...
Among those Jews who chose to remain in Russia, many joined the Russian Socialist Party, on the assumption that social revolutio ...
As a movement and an ideology, Zionism began in earnest after 1881 with a renewed sense of Jewish nationalism, articulated most ...
and a rejection of shtadlanut(advocacy for the Jewish community), the pre- dominant Jewish political strategy, which resorted to ...
nationalist Hebrew literature, providing national and universal education for young people, actively opposing the Halukah system ...
he wrote in 1896, “still exists. It would be foolish to deny it. It exists wher- ever Jews live in perceptible numbers. Where it ...
do in Vienna or Paris. His image of the flag of the Jewish state – seven stars in a circle – exemplified its lack of Jewishness: ...
clubs. The names of these clubs – Bar Kochba, Samson, and of course Maccabee – harkened back to the physically powerful Jewish w ...
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