Jews and Judaism in World History
The historical experience of Jews in medieval Christian Europe has conven- tionally been presented as the epitome of what Salo B ...
Europe, though, real authority rested in the hands of local nobles. Jews in these regions obtained privileges and were given res ...
After the death of Charlemagne, the ensuing fragmentation of his empire underscored the importance of the protection that Jews r ...
important, the leaders of the Jewish community were given the right to “adjudicate any quarrel that might arise among or against ...
might aspire to the throne. Consequently, occupations such as moneylend- ing, forging metal, alchemy, and sorcery fell into the ...
At the heart of this system was an Aristotle-esque assumption that proper- tied individuals were the best suited to act in the b ...
As Ashkenazic Judaism developed, rabbinic scholars and affluent laity formed a natural communal leadership, largely because of t ...
the hierarchical nature of medieval Jewish society. Wealth and scholarship set rabbis and lay leaders apart from rank-and-file J ...
unlocked the magical powers of the tetragrammaton. The other, Nizahon Vitus, assembled Christological interpretations of the Heb ...
of Peter the Hermit and Duke Godfrey were assuaged. The followers of Enicho of Leiningem were not. At other times, Jews turned t ...
expedition to the Holy Land, reminded them of Augustine’s injunction against killing or forcibly converting Jews, reiterating Au ...
Ashkenazic culture and community: Pietists and Tosafists The devastating effects of the First Crusade did not bring an end to Je ...
As noted by Eleazar of Worms, Yehuda ha-Hasid’s Sefer Ha-Hasidim(The Book of the Pietists), the central text and one of the few ...
own circumstances. At times this meant invoking the talmudic principle such as Ha Lan ha lehu(Is this really so?) to legitimize ...
Jewish–Christian relations during the thirteenth century The thirteenth century witnessed a steady deterioration in the conditio ...
volumes of the Talmud, and polemical attacks in the form of forced sermons and public disputations. The impact of such attacks w ...
The deleterious impact of papal legislation and mendicant preaching on Jews was aggravated by the deterioration of the image of ...
( Jewish smell) reflected the association of Jews with the supernatural realm of evil. The thirteenth-century Austrian poet Seif ...
Ultimately the most devastating accusation was the claim that Jews poisoned wells. A proliferation of Jewish physicians during t ...
Although the riots were sparked by religious fanatics, the rioters had an economic aim as well, looting the property of the Jews ...
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