Islam at War: A History

250 ISLAM AT WAR ulema of a Muslim country, but rather a religiousfatwahthat every Mus- lim should adopt and work under.” Osama ...

DYING FOR GOD 251 In August 1998 Israeli military intelligence sources reported that bin Laden had paid over £2 million to a mid ...

252 ISLAM AT WAR president Mubarak in Ethiopia (June 1995), and the first World Trade Center bombing, February 1993. His culpabi ...

DYING FOR GOD 253 One consistent thread in all these groups, Fatah, Hamas, and Al-Qaeda, is that they have cast their operations ...

...

Chapter 14 CONCLUSION One might usefully divide the military history of the Islamic peoples into three broad periods, the Great ...

256 ISLAM AT WAR opponent, was an able strategist, and one with the resources to make them tell. In spite of these odds, the con ...

CONCLUSION 257 world. Many of the same Westerners have been trained to believe that all cultures are equal if not identical, and ...

258 ISLAM AT WAR of officers through the idea of the educated military professional who owed his allegiance to his regiment thro ...

CONCLUSION 259 The national governments that have formed since 1945 are, for the most part, either monarchies or the dictatorshi ...

260 ISLAM AT WAR clearly demonstrate the overwhelming superiority of Western forces and the utter inability of Muslim troops to ...

CONCLUSION 261 have shown their interest in developing and acquiring weapons of mass destruction. This has been amply supported ...

262 ISLAM AT WAR lieve that they are in danger of being overwhelmed by the modern world and are turning to the military to lash ...

BIBLIOGRAPHY Arnold, A.The Fateful Pebble, Afghanistan’s Role in the Fall of the Soviet Empire.Novato, CA: Presidio, 1993. Atkin ...

264 BIBLIOGRAPHY Galeotti, M.Afghanistan: The Soviet Union’s Last War.London: Frank Cass, 2001. German General Staff.Der Balkank ...

BIBLIOGRAPHY 265 Robinson, J. J.Dungeon, Fire and Sword: The Knights Templar in the Crusades.New York: Evans, 1991. Runciman, S. ...

...

INDEX Abd Allah Hajash, 209 Abd Allahi (the khalifa), 164–66 Abd Allah Ubayy, 210 Abdul Hamid, 134 Abdullah, King of Jordan, 173 ...

268 INDEX Alfonso XI of Castile, 87 Alfonso IV of Portugal, 87 Al-Hudeybiyah, Truce of, 10, 13 Ali, General Ahmed Ismail, 184 Al ...

INDEX 269 Bethman-Hollweg, Theobald von, 136–37 Bey, Ibrahim, 119 Bheemsi, regent of Chittur, 56–57 Bilbeis, massacre at, 45 bin ...