0198506961.pdf
186 Laser cooling and trapping Fig. 9.5‘Optical molasses’ is the name given to the laser cooling technique that uses the configu ...
9.3 The optical molasses technique 187 The termI/Isat 1 has been neglected in the denominator because this simple treatment of ...
188 Laser cooling and trapping 9.3.1 The Doppler cooling limit We can write the force from a single laser beam as F=Fabs+δFabs+F ...
9.3 The optical molasses technique 189 to that in eqn 9.22, but without the factorη(because all the absorbed photons have the sa ...
190 Laser cooling and trapping This function ofx=− 2 δ/Γ has a minimum atδ=ω−ω 0 =−Γ/2of kBTD= Γ 2 . (9.28) This key result is ...
9.4 The magneto-optical trap 191 Coil Coil Fig. 9.8A pair of coils with cur- rents in opposite directions produces a quadrupole ...
192 Laser cooling and trapping Fig. 9.9 (a) The mechanism of a magneto-optical trap illustrated for the case of an atom with aJ ...
9.4 The magneto-optical trap 193 that excites theσ+transition (and similarly forσ−).^27 To describ e the^27 This is a convenient ...
194 Laser cooling and trapping molasses technique, e.g. for sodiumvc(MOT)>vc(molasses)6ms−^1 (eqn 9.29). This relatively lar ...
9.5 Introduction to the dipole force 195 Glass prism Incident light Refracted light Fig. 9.10Radiation that is deflected by a gl ...
196 Laser cooling and trapping Fig. 9.12Absorption has a Lorentzian line shape with a peak at the resonance frequencyω 0. The re ...
9.6 Theory of the dipole force 197 shown in Fig. 9.11. As the laser beam is moved the particles remain trapped in the region of ...
198 Laser cooling and trapping simple harmonic motion gives very useful insight into the frequency de- pendence of the force, bu ...
9.6 Theory of the dipole force 199 The force that depends on the in-phase component of the dipoleuis thedipole forceand the othe ...
200 Laser cooling and trapping there are two important criteria in the design of dipole-force traps: (a) the trap must be deep e ...
9.6 Theory of the dipole force 201 Atoms in optical molasses Laser beam Dipole trap (a) (b) Fig. 9.14(a) An intense laser beam a ...
202 Laser cooling and trapping Fig. 9.15The evanescent wave, cre- ated when a laser beam is totally in- ternally reflected, form ...
9.7 The Sisyphus cooling technique 203 9.7 The Sisyphus cooling technique 9.7.1 General remarks The dipole force experienced by ...
204 Laser cooling and trapping cooling limit in eqn 9.28. Thiscannotbe understood in terms of a simple picture in which the scat ...
9.7 The Sisyphus cooling technique 205 Linear Linear Linear ... Energy (b) (c) (d) (a) Light shift Light shift Light shift Light ...
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