The Structural Conservation of Panel Paintings

Wood Science and Technology PART ONE ...

2 F   of civilization, wood has played an indispens- able role in human survival. It is therefore not surprising ...

its anisotropy: its properties are significantly different in its three struc- tural directions. All timber species have common ...

4 Hoadley snakewood(Piratin eraguianensis) lig numvit ae (Guai acum spp.) African bla ckwood(Dalbergiamela noxylon) boxwood(Buxu ...

Gross features In viewing end-grain surfaces (Fig. 2a, b), individual wood cells usually cannot be seen without magnification. ( ...

establishes a three-dimensional orientation to the wood tissue (Fig. 3). A plane perpendicular to the stem axis is termed the tr ...

times their diameters. Average tracheid lengths range from 2 mm to 6 mm among coniferous species, with a corresponding diameter ...

have disappeared; thus they form continuous vessels ideal for sap conduc- tion. When vessels are cut transversely, the exposed o ...

C  P P  W 9 Wood, as the biological product of higher-order plants, has a chemical composition th ...

hemicellulose are also present. Lignin has complex three-dimensional poly- meric structure comprising various phenylpropane unit ...

provide the principal active sites for bonding of adhesives and finishes and for other chemical reactions with wood. Because the ...

uses, it loses most (but not all) of its moisture. Third, the loss of moisture affects many properties: for example, it increase ...

pleted. After initial drying, wood remains hygroscopic. It responds to changes in atmospheric humidity and loses bound water as ...

cracking of painting panels. The following discussion addresses the dimen- sional change in wood due to changes in MC below the ...

C  P P  W 15 Table 1 Total (green to oven-dry) tangential and radial shrinkage percentages for se ...

moisture content cannot be predicted, expected dimensional change can- not be calculated with precision. The theoretical dimensi ...

rately. In the conservation of painting panels, the overall dimensions and species of the panel wood are already determined; the ...

transported or relocated to a new environment, would be an excellent way to detect changing conditions that might eventually res ...

a panel has its edges fastened in place rather than being simply confined, it may show no ill effects during the humid/swelling ...

flat-sawn boards or panels are held flat and restrained from attempted cup- ping, cracking may result along the grain into the c ...