The Structural Conservation of Panel Paintings

T   wooden panels were a standard sur- face for artistic painting. In such works of art, the rendering itself ...

identification therefore requires at least a general familiarity with the anatomical characteristics and nomenclature ofwood as ...

now-dried cells are defined by their walls, their central cavities apparently empty in most cases. Wood cells are typically elon ...

Microscopic examination For microscopic examination of wood, thin sections taken from the trans- verse surface are sometimes use ...

The section is placed on a glass microscope slide and covered with a thin cover glass; enough water is added with an eyedropper ...

26 Hoadley Table 1 Selected woods found in painted panels. Generic designations of woods are followed by examples of the more co ...

references of wood anatomy to see how variable or how consistent different specimens of a species can be. The equipment necessar ...

matching pits in adjacent cells), the smoothness of the cell walls, and the presence and color of the cell contents. Conifers th ...

in the earlywood. In spruce, along a given earlywood tracheid, the large bordered pit pairs on the radial walls occur singly and ...

classified as ring porous. Examples of woods in this category include oak, chestnut, ash, and elm (Ulmus spp.) (Figs. 11–14). If ...

I  W  P P 31 Figure 16 Mahogany (Swieteniasp.), transverse surface. Figure 17 Beech (Fagussp.), ...

Insummary, with nothing more than a hand lens, some hard- woods can be identified at least to the level of their genus by the si ...

Elm(Fig. 14) has an easily recognized feature of wavy bands of pores dominating the latewood portion of the growth rings. These ...

species (Fig. 25a–c). In some species the vessels have spiral thickenings. In longitudinal sections, they appear somewhat like c ...

Beechcan usually be identified on sight by its easily visible rays. On transverse surfaces, the largest of the rays form conspic ...

wood may contain no rays. In any case, the identification of alder is best confirmed by microscopic examination of longitudinal ...

tary pores appear more common than multiples. The rays are fine and inconspicuous. The wood is best identified on the basis of m ...

encountered in European painting panels, one can quickly learn to recog- nize and match the basic diagnostic anatomical features ...

D    of the biological sciences that serves to determine the age of wooden objects. The method, whil ...

elements that support the stem. This group—which includes oak, ash, and elm—is called ring porous(Fig. 1b). In the other group o ...