BioPHYSICAL chemistry
Multiply by ψ0*and integrate: (12.57) The operators used in Schrödinger’s equation are called Hermetian oper- ators and have the ...
motion is termed spin–orbit coupling. One expression of the coupling makes use of the total angular momentum of the system, N, w ...
four quantum numbers, with each orbital having one spin up and one spin down electron. Thus, for hydrogen, the single electron w ...
In general, for any given shell, the s orbitals will be filled preferentially compared to the p orbitals due to larger shielding ...
12.10 Calculate the wavelength of light absorbed when an electron makes a transition from an n=3 state to an n=1 state in copper ...
12.27 Calculate the expectation (or average) value of r^2 for the 2s orbital. 12.28 How many orbitals are there in a shell with ...
In this chapter we first examine how the concepts of quantum mechanics can be extended to molecules in order to develop a quanti ...
CHAPTER 13 CHEMICAL BONDS AND PROTEIN INTERACTIONS 271 (13.1) where p 1 and p 2 are the momenta of elec- trons 1 and 2, respecti ...
272 PART 2 QUANTUM MECHANICS AND SPECTROSCOPY Operators (Table 9.1) r→r To solve this equation, we make some assumptions. The in ...
(13.7) E=E 1 +E 2 Each of the two equations is dependent upon only a set of coordinates, allowing the wavefunctions to be solved ...
The second contribution is due to the repulsion between atoms at very short distances. The repulsion can be calculated using qua ...
Valence bonds In valence bond theory, a bond is formed when an electron in one of the atomic orbitals pairs its spin with the sp ...
as a σ* or π* orbital, causes a decrease in the strength of a bond between two atoms. The symmetry of bonding and antibonding or ...
The polypeptide chain interacts with the surrounding solution and begins to adopt a folded shape (Figure 13.4). A protein will a ...
residues linked together by peptide bonds describes the primary structure of the protein. Localized regions of the protein fold ...
Many rotation angles are prohibited due to steric hinderence between atoms in the polypeptide backbone and amino acid side chain ...
residues. For each amino acid residue forming the helix, except for the end residues, the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen of t ...
involved in the introduction of a nonpolar molecule in a polar solvent. The Gibbs energy change has contributions from changes i ...
energy is positive. Thus the hydrophobic effect of nonpolar molecules in water is a process driven by entropy rather than by ent ...
CHAPTER 13 CHEMICAL BONDS AND PROTEIN INTERACTIONS 283 Figure 13.10Three-dimensional structures of (a) myoglobin and (b) hemoglo ...
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