Organic Chemistry

Problems 521 Wavelength (μm) Wavenumber (cm−^1 ) 2.52.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 4000380036003 ...

522 CHAPTER 13 Mass Spectrometry and Infrared Spectroscopy Predict the major characteristic IR absorption bands that would be g ...

Problems 523 Wavelength (μm) Wavenumber (cm−^1 ) 2.52.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 4000380036003 ...

524 CHAPTER 13 Mass Spectrometry and Infrared Spectroscopy Wavelength (μm) Wavenumber (cm−^1 ) 2.52.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 ...

Problems 525 Wavelength (μm) Wavenumber (cm−^1 ) m/z Relative abundance 100 50 0 2.52.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 7 8 9 10 ...

D etermining the struc- tures of compounds is an important part of organic chemistry. After a compound has been synthe- sized, i ...

Section 14.1 Introduction to NMR Spectroscopy 527 no applied magnetic field Energy -spin state -spin state magnetic field is app ...

528 CHAPTER 14 NMR Spectroscopy Earth’s magnetic field is measured at the equator. Its maximum surface magnetic field is measure ...

Section 14.2 Fourier Transform NMR 529 PROBLEM 2 a. Calculate the magnetic field (in tesla) required to flip an nucleus in an N ...

530 CHAPTER 14 NMR Spectroscopy The 1991 Nobel Prize in chemistry was awarded to Richard R. Ernst for two important contribution ...

Section 14.4 The Number of Signals in the^1 HNMR Spectrum 531 Frequency Intensity "downfield" "upfield" deshielded nuclei shield ...

and the methyl protons on the carbon that is one carbon removed from the oxygen. The chemically equivalent protons in the follow ...

Section 14.5 The Chemical Shift 533 3-D Molecule: Tetramethylsilane PROBLEM 5 There are three isomeric dichlorocyclopropanes. T ...

534 CHAPTER 14 NMR Spectroscopy the methylene protons is at 3.28 ppm. Notice that low-frequency (upfield, shielded) signals have ...

δ (ppm) 87654 3210 frequency Section 14.6 The Relative Positions of 1 HNMR Signals 535 to the electron-withdrawing nitro group, ...

536 CHAPTER 14 NMR Spectroscopy δ (ppm) 87654 3210 frequency Figure 14.6 (continued) 1 HNMR spectra for Problem 10. 14.7 Charac ...

Section 14.7 Characteristic Values of Chemical Shifts 537 In a similar environment, the signal for methyl protons occurs at a lo ...

PROBLEM 11 In each of the following compounds, which of the underlined protons has the greater chemical shift (i.e., the farthe ...

Section 14.8 Integration of NMR Signals 539 8765 3210 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CCH 2 Br 4 δ (ppm) 1.6 7.0 frequency integration line Figu ...

540 CHAPTER 14 NMR Spectroscopy Multiply by a number that will cause all the numbers to be close to whole numbers: The ratio giv ...