Wood Handbook, Wood as an Engineering Material

The cone calorimeter is ideal for product development with its small specimen size of 100 by 100 mm. The specimen is continuousl ...

condition of ignition. The rate of flame spread is controlled by how rapidly the fuel reaches the ignition temperature in respon ...

been developed. Equations relating charring rate under ASTM E 119 fire exposure to density and moisture content are available fo ...

gradient means the remaining uncharred cross-sectional area of a large wood member remains at a low temperature and can continue ...

paintability. Cost is also a factor in these formulations. Ac- tual formulations of commercial fire-retardant treatments are gen ...

factors also become the maximum temperature that can be used in kiln drying of lumber or plywood after treatment. Corrosion of f ...

Literature Cited Atreya, A. 1983. Pyrolysis, ignition, and flame spread on horizontal surfaces of wood. Cambridge, MA: Harvard U ...

NFPA 1144. Standard for reducing structure ignition hazards from wildland fire. NFPA 101. Life safety code. Society of Fire Prot ...

Schaffer, E.L. 1980. Smoldering in cellulosics under prolonged low-level heating. Fire Technology. 16(1): 22–28. Shafizadeh, F.; ...

wood products. Res. Pap. FPL 137. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. Brend ...

White, R.H.; Nordheim, E.V. 1992. Charring rate of wood for ASTM E 119 exposure. Fire Technology. 28: 5–30. White, R.H.; Tran, H ...

CHAPTER 19 Specialty Treatments Rebecca E. Ibach, Research Chemist Contents Plasticizing Wood 19–1 Principles of Plasticizing an ...

General Technical Report FPL–GTR– 190 commercial attention, and a bending process using liquid ammonia has been patented. Wood m ...

Chapter 19 Specialty Treatments Plywood Bent after Bonding After the plies are bonded together, flat plywood is often bent by me ...

General Technical Report FPL–GTR– 190 Bending stock that has been dried to low moisture content level requires a lengthy steamin ...

Chapter 19 Specialty Treatments for 1 to 2 days to permit uniform distribution of the solution throughout the wood. The resin-co ...

General Technical Report FPL–GTR– 190 Table 19–1. Properties of modified woods Property Impreg Compreg Staypak Specific gravity ...

Chapter 19 Specialty Treatments Table 19–2. Strength properties of normal and modified laminatesa of yellow birch and a laminate ...

General Technical Report FPL–GTR– 190 Table 19–2. Strength properties of normal and modified laminatesa of yellow birch and a la ...

use in handles for knives and other cutlery. The expansion- molding techniques of forming and curing of the compreg around the m ...