Cognitive Psychology: Connecting Mind, Research and Everyday Experience, 3rd Edition

Representing Relationships Between Categories: Semantic Networks • 251 Although cognitive economy makes the network more effi - ...

252 • CHAPTER 9 Knowledge DEMONSTRATION: Lexical Decision Task In the lexical decision task, participants read stimuli, some of ...

Representing Relationships Between Categories: Semantic Networks • 253 CRITICISM OF THE COLLINS AND QUILLIAN MODEL Although Coll ...

254 • CHAPTER 9 Knowledge ● FIGURE 9.20 The node for “fi re engine” and some of the concepts to which it is linked for two diff ...

Representing Concepts in Networks: The Connectionist Approach • 255 concepts for the network in (b) than in (a) because the link ...

256 • CHAPTER 9 Knowledge ● FIGURE 9.22 A connectionist network proposed by Rogers and McClelland (2003, 2004). Activation of a ...

Representing Concepts in Networks: The Connectionist Approach • 257 HOW ARE CONCEPTS REPRESENTED IN A CONNECTIONIST NETWORK? The ...

258 • CHAPTER 9 Knowledge process. Before learning, the weights are incorrect, as in our example, so activating “canary” causes ...

Representing Concepts in Networks: The Connectionist Approach • 259 As learning progressed, with each con- cept being presented ...

260 • CHAPTER 9 Knowledge While active research on connectionism continues in many laboratories, some researchers point out that ...

Categories and the Brain • 261 example, the stimulus on the left is 100 percent cat, the one on the right is 100 percent dog, an ...

262 • CHAPTER 9 Knowledge The results of this experiment for an IT neuron are shown in Figure 9.25b. This fi gure shows the resp ...

Something to Consider • 263 running; areas activated by tools respond well to the kinds of motion associated with tools, such as ...

264 • CHAPTER 9 Knowledge Using this procedure, Paul Quinn and Mark Johnson (2000) have shown that infants as young as 2 months ...

CHAPTER SUMMARY What is the basic idea behind the semantic network approach? What is the goal of this approach, and how did the ...

266 • CHAPTER 9 Knowledge The spreading activation feature of the model is sup- ported by priming experiments. The Collins and ...

MEDIA RESOURCES Back propagation, 258 Basic level, 248 Categorization, 240 Category, 240 Category-specifi c knowledge impairment ...

268 268 Visual Imagery “Visual imagery” occurs when a person visually imagines something that isn’t physically present. This pic ...

269 Bruce Goldstein DEMONSTRATION: Experiencing Imagery IMAGERY IN THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY Early Ideas About Imagery Imagery a ...

270 • CHAPTER 10 Visual Imagery How do “pictures in your head” that you create by imagining an object compare to the experience ...