Biophotonics_Concepts_to_Applications

biological tissues and to carry out tissue modifications and therapy. The purpose of this chapter is to give an overview of this ...

photons as they interact with biological cells, organisms, molecules, tissues, and substances. The applications of biophotonics ...

animals, humans, or plants. Such tests allow the observation of the condition, the temporal changes, or the effects of an experi ...

Body region: knee, shoulder, abdomen Surgical instrument Optical probe Viewing scope Minor incisions Fig. 1.3 Example of a minim ...

1.2 Diverse Applications Among the disciplines that use biophotonics tools and techniques are biomedical research, clinical proc ...

Table 1.3 Uses of biophotonics tools and techniques in selected medical specialties Medical specialty Applications of biophotoni ...

candidate drug compounds have become effective pharmaceutical research and development tools. Point of care (POC) tests and ana ...

Example 1.1If a biological tissue sample has a refractive index n = 1.36, what is the speed of light in this medium? Solution: F ...

ranges listed in the literature often vary slightly from those shown in Table1.5, which are based on the designations given in D ...

sterilizing instruments, great care must be exercised to avoid human exposure to this light. Example 1.2Show that photon energie ...

melanin, blood, and the epidermis are larger than that of water, they have relatively small concentrations compared to water and ...

level reaches its destination at either the light delivery site or at the photodetector where the signal is evaluated and interp ...

Example 1.4Consider an optical link that has four optical components hooked together sequentially. If the losses of these four c ...

these concepts [ 29 – 32 ]. The basis of this discussion is the observation that a living cell consists of about 70 % water. The ...

An example of a hypothetical protein macromolecule is illustrated in Fig.1.7, which shows the twisting and folding of interconne ...

An important nucleotide isadenosine triphosphate(ATP). One molecule of ATP contains three phosphate groups. A large amount of ch ...

of the genes that control the cell. The entire region between the nucleus and the surrounding membrane is called thecytoplasm. T ...

1.6.3 Biological Tissues and Organs. Abiological tissue(or simply atissue) is an ensemble of similar cells that col- lectively c ...

fiber bundles that have a high tensile strength in order to attach muscles to bones (tendons) and to hold bones together at thei ...

This chapterfirst describes the concepts and benefits of biophotonics, gives illustrations of the disciplines where biophotonics ...