Paris Climate Agreement Beacon of Hope

Springer Climate Ross J. Salawitch Timothy P. Canty Austin P. Hope Walter R. Tribett Brian F. Bennett Paris Climate Agreement: B ...

Springer Climate Series Editor John Dodson More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/ ...

Ross J. Salawitch • Timothy P. Canty Austin P. Hope • Walter R. Tribett Brian F. Bennett Paris Climate Agreement: Beacon of Hope ...

ISSN 2352-0698 ISSN 2352-0701 (electronic) Springer Climate ISBN 978-3-319-46938-6 ISBN 978-3-319-46939-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/97 ...

To the children of the sixties ... the 2060s ... may you be born when half of all energy is supplied by sources that release no ...

vii Preface On 11 November 2014, a remarkable event occurred. President Barack Obama of the United States and President Xi Jinpi ...

viii Our second audience is the women and men who are charting the response of the world to the threat of global warming. As is ...

ix eagle-eyed proofreaders, Heidi and Michael Hope and Gordon Dryden, who greatly improved the final manuscript by their fastidi ...

xi Contents 1 Earth’s Climate System ............................................................................ 1 Ross J. Sala ...

xii Brian F. Bennett, Austin P. Hope, Ross J. Salawitch, 3.3 Future Emissions 3.4 Methods References 4 Implementation 4.1 Intro ...

xiii Abbreviations and Acronyms ΔRF Difference in the RF of climate relative to a baseline, usually year 1750 ΔT Difference betw ...

xiv CMIP5 Climate Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 CO 2 -eq Emissions of CO 2 FF + CO 2 LUC + CH 4 + N 2 O, expressed in te ...

xv NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information NOAA National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration Non-Annex I UN ...

xvii Contributors Brian F. Bennett Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA ...

© The Author(s) 2017 1 R.J. Salawitch et al., Paris Climate Agreement: Beacon of Hope, Springer Climate, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-4 ...

2 thrived in an oxygen (O 2 ) free environment. These organisms had no nucleus and reproduced by cell division. The first prokar ...

3 Figure 1.1 shows that Earth has undergone vast changes in climate as well as the abundance of atmospheric CO 2. A logarithmic ...

4 On geological time scales, atmospheric CO 2 is controlled by the carbonate- silicate cycle (Berner et al. 1983 ). Atmospheric ...

5 The precise timing of the rise and fall of temperature and CO 2 during Era 3 of Fig. 1.1 is a source of considerable dispute b ...

6 Eventually, population rose to an extent that humans began to exert a measurable effect on the GHG levels of the atmosphere, a ...