Catalyzing Inquiry at the Interface of Computing and Biology

BIOLOGICAL INSPIRATION FOR COMPUTING 259 8.2.5 Immunology and Computer Security^37 The mammalian immune system is an information ...

260 CATALYZING INQUIRY human beings by the immune system and computer security. The following examples are adapted from Somayaji ...

BIOLOGICAL INSPIRATION FOR COMPUTING 261 the species as a whole. By contrast, computer system monoculture (i.e., lack of diversi ...

262 CATALYZING INQUIRY 8.2.5.4 An Example: Immunology and Intruder Detection To detect pathogens, the immune system generates de ...

BIOLOGICAL INSPIRATION FOR COMPUTING 263 into a memory detector (with an indefinite lifetime and a subsequent activation thresho ...

264 CATALYZING INQUIRY this is for each detector to have a randomly generated permutation rule, according to which all data path ...

BIOLOGICAL INSPIRATION FOR COMPUTING 265 These characteristics are easily obtained by biology and are increasingly true for cert ...

266 CATALYZING INQUIRY •A population of candidate solutions to the problem. For example, these candidate solutions may be a sequ ...

BIOLOGICAL INSPIRATION FOR COMPUTING 267 •A mechanism (or mechanisms) by which changes to the candidate solutions can be introdu ...

268 CATALYZING INQUIRY than any other search algorithm over the space of all problems.^62 Therefore, problem-specific knowl- edg ...

BIOLOGICAL INSPIRATION FOR COMPUTING 269 appropriately under certain circumstances. Thus, in the limit of increasing complexity, ...

270 CATALYZING INQUIRY To illustrate, any computable function can in principle be built from the appropriate combination of Bool ...

BIOLOGICAL INSPIRATION FOR COMPUTING 271 In this case, the goal is to evolve a neural network that has the potential to learn th ...

272 CATALYZING INQUIRY For example, variation in a species results from mutations (involving random changes to a genome) and cro ...

BIOLOGICAL INSPIRATION FOR COMPUTING 273 and controlled travel.^69 With this basic unit, a two-legged running animal (the Planar ...

274 CATALYZING INQUIRY 8.3.3.1 Neuroscience and Architecture in Broad Strokes, The most general lesson is that much of human cog ...

BIOLOGICAL INSPIRATION FOR COMPUTING 275 from experience.^79 A neural network is a network of nodes and links.^80 The nodes, or ...

276 CATALYZING INQUIRY Neural networks are most useful for problems that are not amenable to computational approaches and are co ...

BIOLOGICAL INSPIRATION FOR COMPUTING 277 Monitoring the condition of machinery. Neural networks can be instrumental in cutting ...

278 CATALYZING INQUIRY 8.3.4.1 Ant Colony Optimization Entomologists have devoted a great deal of research to figuring out how t ...