Human Physiology, 14th edition (2016)

38 Chapter 2 are sufficient amounts of ketone bodies in the blood to lower the blood pH, the condition is called ketoacidosis. S ...

Chemical Composition of the Body 39 Figure 2.22 The structure of lecithin. Lecithin is also called phosphatidylcholine, where ch ...

40 Chapter 2 testes and ovaries (collectively called the gonads ) secrete sex steroids, which include estradiol and progesterone ...

Chemical Composition of the Body 41 The enormous diversity of protein structure results from the fact that there are 20 differen ...

42 Chapter 2 numerous amino acids are joined in this way, a chain of amino acids, or a polypeptide, is produced. The lengths of ...

Chemical Composition of the Body 43 Weak hydrogen bonds may form between the hydrogen atom of an amino group and an oxygen atom ...

44 Chapter 2 Nucleotides are the subunits of nucleic acids, bonded together in dehydration synthesis reactions to form long poly ...

Chemical Composition of the Body 45 deoxyribose can be covalently bonded to one of four possi- ble bases. These bases include th ...

46 Chapter 2 knowledge of this rule, we could predict the base sequence of one DNA strand if we knew the sequence of bases in th ...

Chemical Composition of the Body 47 purposes as well. These include roles as energy carriers (ATP and GTP); regulation of cellul ...

48 Chapter 2 4. Proteins may be combined with carbohydrates, lipids, or other molecules. 5. Because they are so diverse structur ...

Chemical Composition of the Body 49 If four bases in one DNA strand are A (adenine), G (guanine), C (cytosine), and T (thymine) ...

50 CHAPTER OUTLINE 3.1 Plasma Membrane and Associated Structures 51 Structure of the Plasma Membrane 52 Phagocytosis 54 Endocyto ...

Cell Structure and Genetic Control 51 3.1 PLASMA MEMBRANE AND ASSOCIATED STRUCTURES The cell is the basic unit of structure and ...

52 Chapter 3 For descriptive purposes, a cell can be divided into three principal parts: Plasma (cell) membrane. The selectivel ...

Cell Structure and Genetic Control 53 membrane from one side to the other. Because the membrane is not solid—phospholipids and p ...

54 Chapter 3 Phagocytosis Most of the movement of molecules and ions between the intracellular and extracellular compartments in ...

Cell Structure and Genetic Control 55 Cilia and Flagella Cilia are tiny hairlike structures that project from the surface of a c ...

56 Chapter 3 3.2 Cytoplasm and Its Organelles Many of the functions of a cell are performed by structures called organelles. Amo ...

Cell Structure and Genetic Control 57 cells. These structures aid in amoeboid movement, for exam- ple, so that the cytoskeleton ...