Human Physiology, 14th edition (2016)

158 Chapter 6 Summary c. Water moves by osmosis from the solution of lower osmolality and osmotic pressure to the solution of hi ...

Interactions Between Cells and the Extracellular Environment 159 6.4 The Membrane Potential 149 A. The cytoplasm of the cell con ...

160 Chapter 6 If a poison such as cyanide stopped the production of ATP, which of the following transport processes would cease ...

Interactions Between Cells and the Extracellular Environment 161 What are the factors that influence the rate of diffusion acro ...

162 Refresh Your Memory Before you begin this chapter, you may want to review the following concepts from previous chapters: ■ D ...

The Nervous System 163 7.1 Neurons and Supporting Cells The nervous system is composed of neurons, which pro- duce and conduct e ...

164 Chapter 7 the cell body. Dendrites provide a receptive area that transmits graded electrochemical impulses to the cell body. ...

The Nervous System 165 Figure 7.3 The relationship between CNS and PNS. Sensory and motor neurons of the peripheral nervous syst ...

166 Chapter 7 Neuroglial Cells Unlike other organs that are “packaged” in connective tissue derived from mesoderm (the middle la ...

The Nervous System 167 electrician’s tape is wrapped around a wire. Unlike electri- cian’s tape, however, the Schwann cell wrapp ...

168 Chapter 7 cell wraps only about a millimeter of axon, leaving gaps of exposed axon between the adjacent Schwann cells. These ...

The Nervous System 169 Regeneration of CNS axons is prevented, in part, by inhibitory proteins in the membranes of the myelin sh ...

170 Chapter 7 capillaries is covered by the astrocyte end-feet. In addition, astro- cytes have other extensions adjacent to the ...

The Nervous System 171 The structural components of the blood-brain barrier—the tight junctions between endothelial cells of bra ...

172 Chapter 7 can be visualized by connecting them to a computer or oscil- loscope ( fig. 7.11 ). On a computer or oscilloscope ...

The Nervous System 173 by this artificial stimulation, a sudden and very rapid change in the membrane potential will be observed ...

174 Chapter 7 the axon. The nature of the stimulus in vivo (in the body), and the manner by which electrical events are conducte ...

The Nervous System 175 (by the Na^1 /K^1 pumps) is still required to move Na^1 out of the axon and to move K^1 back into the axo ...

176 Chapter 7 The channels are open only for a fixed period of time because they are soon inactivated, a process different from ...

The Nervous System 177 all-or-none event. In this way, as a continuously applied stimu- lus increases in intensity, its strength ...