Community Ecology Processes, Models, and Applications
et al. 2008). Plants play a special role in above- ground–belowground interactions, as they spend most of their life above as we ...
counteracting and mitigating impacts of exotic spe- cies requires insight into how these species are con- trolled in their nativ ...
conservation, although the value of this practice is subject to debate among ecologists. Besides reducing and concentrating nutr ...
counteracts the effects of nutrient addition (De Deynet al. 2004). These inoculation experiments in mesocosms support exclusion ...
ecologists are challenged to integrate all these abi- otic and biotic influences in their management de- cisions. However, there ...
soil-borne enemies. As soil feedback indicates a net effect, it could be that the neutral effect was due to less pathogenic, or ...
positive effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is quite contrasting, whereas rigorous inoculation studies are lacking (van der ...
One main message of community ecology to its applied end-users and stakeholders is that many local problems can have remote caus ...
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CHAPTER 8 Sea changes: structure and functioning of emerging marine communities J. Emmett Duffy 8.1 Introduction The earth is in ...
of human predation are consistent with expectations arising from theoretical and experimental communi- ty ecology, particularly ...
stronger top-down control generally and trophic cascades in particular (Shurinet al. 2002), and an altered distribution of bioma ...
with terrestrial food webs, pelagic marine food webs tend to be more strongly structured by body size than by species, to contai ...
environmental stochasticity, and may also lower their resilience to demographic perturbation. Sec- ond, harvesting disproportion ...
food webs (Fig. 8.3). On a global basis, 70% of documented extinctions were of predators, while most invasions were at lower tro ...
abundance should be controlled alternately by bot- tom-up and top-down processes as one descends through successive levels of th ...
temperate estuaries (Deason and Smayda 1982; Myerset al. 2007). These examples involve a wide range of organisms and environment ...
8.3.2.2 Continental shelves Increasingly, trophic cascades are being detected even in large open coastal and oceanic ecosystems. ...
zooplankton (Verity and Smetacek 1996). The striking example of the Black Sea illustrates both the complexity of processes drivi ...
conditions change. Second, and in contrast, func- tional redundancy can enhance stability against perturbations that cause extin ...
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