Community Ecology Processes, Models, and Applications
(Ma 2006). In the most connected landscape,dispers- al effectsseemed most important and resulted in a lower regional diversity a ...
9.3.3 Local and regional effects on ecosystem services The species most likely to profit from organic farming and other agri-env ...
spiders have also been studied in this context (Schmidt and Tscharntke 2005; O ̈berget al. 2007). The basic system is shown in F ...
We examined the biological control of the bird- cherry oat aphidRhopalosiphum padiby the guild of generalist predators, and coul ...
individual fields, but for many organisms such as insects still on scales that are possible to manage by individual decision-mak ...
CHAPTER 10 Community ecology and management of salt marshes Jan P. Bakker, Dries P.J. Kuijper and Julia Stahl 10.1 Introduction ...
In this chapter we will discuss the naturalness of salt marshes and their plant cover and the inter- action of the vegetation wi ...
in the Wadden Sea (Schiermonnikoog, The Nether- lands; Terschelling, The Netherlands; Skallingen, Denmark), this appeared to be ...
maritima, which were replaced by non-preferred species such asArtemisia maritima,Atriplex portula- coidesandLimonium vulgareitse ...
established at four sites along the chronosequence on the island of Schiermonnikoog. The sites were established 1, 8, 20 and 30 ...
The magnitude of this change did not show consis- tent differences between treatments, as indicated by the lengths of the arrows ...
During undisturbed succession at the high marsh in temperate European marshes, the low- statured speciesFestuca rubraeventually ...
both directly on the target plant and indirectly through its neighbours. The significance of compe- tition and herbivory largely ...
increase in biomass, whereas in the absence of com- petition the plant can grow fast because of high nu- trient availability alo ...
(Van der Graaf et al. 2005). Both barnacle and brent geese selected plots with plants that have a high nitrogen content. Barnacl ...
ultimately cattle facilitate for hares and geese, when hares have lost control of the vegetation. 10.8 Exclusion of large herbiv ...
(The Netherlands) and Skallingen (Denmark) re- vealed that the convergence to theElymus athericus community after the exclusion ...
mosaic of short and tallFestuca rubrastands on a scale of square decimetres in transects of 2 m 10 m. In the most intensively g ...
et al. 2005). Some halophilic ground beetle species were more abundant in grazed than in abandoned sites and vice versa. In gene ...
area (>5 ha), large enough for a flock of geese to land on, were included. The sites were distributed over the entire Danish ...
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