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parasitism (Askary and Brodeur, 1999). When aphids are heavily infected by V. lecaniiunder laboratory conditions, dense aggregat ...

that are heavily infected with N. polyvora produce few progeny. The ovaries of infected females contain eggs with many microspor ...

gene revealed that these bacteria are closely related to Wolbachia from Leptopilina australis (Belizin) but not to those in E. f ...

including Muscidifuraxspp., Nasonia vitripen- nis (Walker), Pachycrepoideus vindemiae (Rondani), Spalangia cameroni Perkins, and ...

no offspring or only sterile males, whereas the cross of infected females with uninfected males yields viable offspring (cited i ...

P. foveolatusis also highly susceptible to N. varivestis, particularly when it parasitizes late-instar beetle larvae that are in ...

have higher fecundity than uninfected strains. Moreover, antibiotic treatments can reduce fecundity in the high-fecundity line ( ...

FUNGI.Several fungi have been isolated from bumblebees. Known and suspected pathogens include Paecilomyces farinosus, B. bassian ...

1996). Pathogenic effects of C. bombi appear to be slight, resulting in reduced ovarian growth in infected individuals and slowe ...

The addition of wild stock from native populations of natural enemies may result in the inadvertent introduction of endemic path ...

Bell, J.V. (1974) Mycoses. In: Cantwell, G.E. (ed.) Insect Diseases. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 185–236. Bjørnson, S.E. (1998) ...

Drea, J.J. and Gordon, R.D. (1990) Coccinellidae. In: Rosen, D. (ed.) Armored Scale Insects. Their Biology, Natural Enemies and ...

Horton, D.R. and Moore, J. (1993) Behavioural effects of parasites and pathogens in insect hosts. In: Beckage, N.E., Thompson, S ...

Kaya, H.K. and Koppenhöfer, A.M. (1996) Effect of microbial and other antagonistic organism and com- petition on entomopathogeni ...

Majerus, T.M., Majerus, M.E., Knowles, B., Wheeler, J., Bertrand, D., Kuznetzov, V.N., Ueno, H. and Hurst, G.D. (1998) Extreme v ...

Sheetz, R., Goolsby, J. and Poprawski, T. (1997) Antibiotic treatment of a Nosemasp. (Protozoa: Microsporida) infecting the ovar ...

van Meer, M.M. (1999) Phylogeny and host–symbiont interactions of thelytoky inducing Wolbachiain Hymenoptera. PhD thesis, Wageni ...

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11 Commercial Availability of Biological Control Agents J.C. van Lenteren Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, PO Bo ...

168 J.C. van Lenteren Table 11.1.Commercially available natural enemies (parasitic insects, predatory insects, predatory mites a ...