The Afghanistan Wars - William Maley

Resolution 1333 of 19 December 2000. This moved from econom- ic to military sanctions. The key operative paragraphs, 5 (a) and 5 ...

11 The Fall of the Taliban On 9 September 2001, some Arab journalists carrying Belgian passports arrived in Khwaja Bahauddin to ...

World Trade Center in New York. Although it was a cloudless day, the cause was not immediately apparent: after all, in 1945 a pl ...

war. It is divided into four sections. The first gives a brief overview of Bin Laden, his organisation, and his links with the T ...

leader who was fluent in Arabic and had studied in Saudi Arabia’ (Bergen, 2001a: 54). In 1986, he established a base in the Jaji ...

preted in a number of different ways. Some saw it as personal, cit- ing the rumour – never supported with credible evidence – th ...

political benefit from association with the Bin Laden organisation, but to have surrendered him would have violated deeply inter ...

International on a charge of proselytisation. Bin Laden’s influence may have been at work here, but a desire to reinforce the Ta ...

by the ‘faith that there will be a day in which history of life on this earth will be transformed totally and irreversibly from ...

course all fully aware of the disaster that had befallen the Soviet Union in Afghanistan, and from the outset were determined to ...

own to take the same position. First, for some months, he had been verbally very critical of religious extremism, protesting tha ...

Afghanistan and Pakistan’ (Starr, 1999). This argument attracted a stinging retort from US Undersecretary of State for Political ...

significant Pushtun to their cause. Second, it confirmed the mar- ginalisation of Hekmatyar, who had smouldered in frustration i ...

pound ‘Joint Direct Attack Munitions’ guided with Global Positioning system references were used against radars and mili- tary h ...

mechanical defects or because of intelligence failures. One example was the village of Madoo in eastern Afghanistan (Bearak, 200 ...

(Schetter, 2001). It startled key allies (Chandrasekaran, 2001). It also alarmed the United Front – Dr Abdullah responded that t ...

numerically less significant, but except in Jalalabad, which fell the day after Kabul, the fall of the main Pushtun centres took ...

affected, as was the flow of resources that could have been used to bolster support. The Taliban’s religious backers in Pakistan ...

manifestation of an international responsibility to protect people in dire need (International Commission on Intervention and St ...

played in its politics, but the changed situation on the ground had reconfigured their interests. On 12 November, after a high-l ...