Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology

BOX21–3 CONGENITAL FETAL INFECTIONS Congenital syphilis—syphilis is a sexually trans- mitted disease caused by a bacterium (Trep ...

difficult. This is called a breech birth and may necessitate a cesarean section(C-section), which is delivery of the fetus throu ...

485 BOX21–5 PREMATURE BIRTH been successfully treated and eventually sent home with their parents. Whether there will be any lon ...

Third stage—delivery of the placenta (afterbirth). Continued contractions of the uterus expel the pla- centa and membranes, usua ...

CHROMOSOMES AND GENES Each of the cells of an individual (except mature red blood cells and egg and sperm cells) contains 46 chr ...

The gene for the beta chain of hemoglobin is on chromosome 11; an allele for normal hemoglobin is dominant, and an allele for s ...

there are not many B alleles to be found in a popula- tion; not many people have a B allele. If you look at Table 21–6 later in ...

woman who has one of these recessive genes on one X chromosome and a dominant gene for normal func- tion on the other X chromoso ...

491 O O O O AAOAO BBOBO A B Dad Type AB Mom Type O Key: O A B Gene for neither A nor B antigens Gene for A antigen Gene for B an ...

genes is for; that is, the protein the gene codes for and the function of that protein. Someday it will be possible to cure gene ...

Human Development—growth of a fertilized egg into a human individual Fertilization—the union of the nuclei of egg and sperm; usu ...

Where does fertilization usually take place? How many chromosomes are present in a human zygote? Explain what happens during cl ...

Human Development and Genetics 495 FOR FURTHER THOUGHT Look at Table 21–1, and for each structure derived from each of the thre ...

496 CHAPTER 22 Chapter Outline Classification of Microorganisms Binomial Nomenclature Normal Flora Infectious Disease Course of ...

An Introduction to Microbiology and Human Disease 497 New Terminology Bacillus (buh-SILL-us) Coccus (KOK-us) Communicable (kuhm- ...

Awakening with sniffles and a runny nose...find- ing a moldy surprise in the refrigerator behind the milk carton... wondering if ...

simpler in structure than the bacteria. All viruses are parasites because they can reproduce only within the living cells of a h ...

Escherichia) on a lab report as the cause of a patient’s urinary tract infection. Therefore, it is important to learn both genus ...

many times, such people probably will not develop clinical measles. In contrast, the rhinoviruses that cause the com- mon cold a ...

generalized muscle aches, lethargy, and fatigue, or a feeling that “I’m coming down with something.” During the invasion period, ...