Psychology: A Self-Teaching Guide

(a) Rhine called the study of such phenomena as ESP and PK. (b) Many psychologists—perhaps most—are to accept the reality of psi ...

c. it can be perceived in one way only d. it does not meet the criterion of subjectivity The Moon illusion a. is caused by larg ...

KEY TERMS Perception: Why Do Things Look the Way They Do? 71 ambiguous attention binocular vision cell assembly clairvoyance clo ...

72 PREVIEW QUIZ True or False TFLearning is a more or less permanent change in behavior, or a behav- ioral tendency, as a resul ...

Learning: Understanding Acquired Behavior 73 Objectives After completing this chapter, you will be able to describe the princip ...

74 PSYCHOLOGY that infant to learn and develop normal intelligence. If the infant had no sense of touch or smell or balance, the ...

Learning: Understanding Acquired Behavior 75 acquire the power to elicit saliva. If a dog salivates when it hears a tone, then t ...

76 PSYCHOLOGY in effect, unlearnedthe conditioned reflex. Extinction should not be confused with forgetting. Extinction is an ac ...

Learning: Understanding Acquired Behavior 77 over a number of years, and communicated to would-be authors that the only way to l ...

78 PSYCHOLOGY Skinner, long associated with Harvard, invented a device called the operant conditioning apparatus;its informal na ...

Learning: Understanding Acquired Behavior 79 It is also important to note that a negative reinforcer is notpunishment. In the ca ...

80 PSYCHOLOGY (a) Extinction takes place when the frequency of a category of operant responses . (b) Punishment is frustrating t ...

Learning: Understanding Acquired Behavior 81 Skinner notes that discriminative stimuli control human behavior, too. A fac- tory ...

82 PSYCHOLOGY (c) is characterized by imagined gratification. Answers: (a) Observational learning; (b) model; (c) Vicarious rein ...

Learning: Understanding Acquired Behavior 83 if it is typical, will quickly learn to run the maze with very few errors. Its lear ...

84 PSYCHOLOGY A burst of understanding associated with the sudden reorganization of a perceptual field is called an. Answer: ins ...

Learning: Understanding Acquired Behavior 85 hood was like. Learning would be a meaningless concept, because learning implies re ...

86 PSYCHOLOGY Answers: (a) Storage; (b) working memory; (c) Long-term memory. Retrievalof cognitive information takes place when ...

Learning: Understanding Acquired Behavior 87 Thorndike said that when satisfactory results are obtained there is a tendency to ...

88 PSYCHOLOGY c. Cognitive inhibition d. Repression ANSWERS TO THE SELF-TEST 1-d 2-b 3-a 4-d 5-c 6-b 7-c 8-d 9-a 10-c ANSWERS TO ...