Medical Microbiology

14 1 GeneralAspectsofMedicalMicrobiology &Antigenvariation.Somebacteriaarecharacterizedbyapronounced variabilityoftheirimmun ...

Host–PathogenInteractions 15 piliatahighrate(Fig. 1. 2 ).Theborreliaethatcauserelapsingfevershavethe capacitytochangethestructur ...

16 1 GeneralAspectsofMedicalMicrobiology Table 1. 5 ExamplesofBacterialToxins;MechanismsofActionandContribu- tiontoClinicalPictu ...

Host–PathogenInteractions 17 &Secretionofvirulenceproteins.Proteinsaresynthesizedattheribo- somesinthebacterialcytoplasm.The ...

18 1 GeneralAspectsofMedicalMicrobiology &Cellwall.TheendotoxinofGram-negativebacteria(lipopolysaccharide) playsanimportantr ...

Host–PathogenInteractions 19 region.Othervirulencegenescanalsobeactivatedbyregulatorsusing thismechanism. — Complexregulation,vi ...

20 1 GeneralAspectsofMedicalMicrobiology Gram-positiveandGram-negativebacteria.Itdenotesamodeofcommuni- cationbetweenbacterialce ...

Host–PathogenInteractions 21 PIsarefoundinbothGram-positiveandGram-negativebacteria.Theseare DNAregionsupto 200 kbthatoftenbears ...

22 1 GeneralAspectsofMedicalMicrobiology Phagocytesarecapableofingestionofbothparticulatematter(phagocytosis) andsolutematter(pi ...

Host–PathogenInteractions 23 — Mechanismsthatrequireoxygen.Halogenationofessentialbacterialcom- ponentsby themyeloperoxidase-H 2 ...

24 1 GeneralAspectsofMedicalMicrobiology DefectsinImmuneDefenses........................... Hostswithdefectsintheirspecificand/o ...

GeneralEpidemiology 25 nizationresistance.Ontheotherhand,apotentiallyharmfuleffectofthe normalfloraisthattheycanalsocauseinfecti ...

26 1 GeneralAspectsofMedicalMicrobiology orinendemicforms,dependingonthetimeandplaceoftheiroccurrence. Thefrequencyoftheiroccurr ...

GeneralEpidemiology 27 Table 1. 8 EpidemiologicalTerminology Term Definition Sporadicoccurrence Isolatedoccurrenceofaninfectious ...

28 1 GeneralAspectsofMedicalMicrobiology Tab. 1. 9 TransmissionPathwaysofPathogenicMicroorganisms Directtransmission Indirecttra ...

GeneralEpidemiology 29 OtherZoonoses (Fordetailsseethecorrespondingchapters) Viralzoonoses Hantavirusandotherbunyavirusinfection ...

30 1 GeneralAspectsofMedicalMicrobiology Continued:OtherZoonoses Helminthiczoonoses Cercarialdermatitis;clonorchiosis;cysticerco ...

GeneralEpidemiology 31 TheFightagainstInfectiousDiseases Legislation Confrontingandpreventinginfectiousdiseasescansometimesinvol ...

32 1 GeneralAspectsofMedicalMicrobiology Table 1. 12 VaccineGroupsUsedinActiveImmunization Vaccinegroup Remarks Killedpathogens ...

GeneralEpidemiology 33 Table 1. 13 RecommendedChildhoodandAdolescentImmunizationSchedule— UnitedStates, 2004 1. HepatitisBvaccin ...