Medical Microbiology

554 10 Helminths response(=immunoevasion).Additionalimmunoevasivemechanismshave alsobeendescribed,e.g.,sheddingpartofthetegument ...

Platyhelmintha(syn.Platyhelminthes) 555 Fasciolaspecies Fasciolahepatica(CommonLiverFluke)andF.gigantica (LargeorGiantLiverFluke ...

556 10 Helminths Clinicalmanifestations.Theinfectionmayrunaninapparentcourseor, afteranincubationperiodoffourtosixweeks,becomesy ...

Platyhelmintha(syn.Platyhelminthes) 557 Dicrocoelium Dicrocoeliumdendriticum(LancetLiverFluke) Causativeagentofdicrocoeliosis Th ...

558 10 Helminths ThenumberofpersonsinfectedwithOpisthorchisandClonorchisisestimated at 17 million,withabout 350 millionpersonsat ...

Platyhelmintha(syn.Platyhelminthes) 559 Occurrence.AtleastnineParagonimusspeciesareknowntobeparasitesof humans.TheyarefoundinEas ...

560 10 Helminths Cestoda(Tapeworms) General.Varioustapewormspeciescanparasitizeinthesmallintestineof humans,includingspeciesfrom ...

Platyhelmintha(syn.Platyhelminthes) 561 proglottidsattheposteriorendofthechainarelongerthanwideandeach containsatreelikebranched ...

562 10 Helminths tachestothemucosaoftheuppersmallintestine,anddevelopsintoanadult tapeworm,whichcanliveforyearsorevendecades.Abo ...

Platyhelmintha(syn.Platyhelminthes) 563 TaeniasaginataandT.solium:LifeCycles a b 6 5 4 a b a b 1a 1b 2 3 b a 3a Fig. 1 0. 8 1a,b ...

564 10 Helminths Taeniasolium(PorkTapeworm) CausativeagentofT.soliumtaeniosisandcysticercosis Occurrence.T.soliumismainlyendemic ...

Platyhelmintha(syn.Platyhelminthes) 565 formsoftheinfection.IntheCNS,themetacestodesareusuallylocalizedin thecerebrum(ventricle, ...

566 10 Helminths Echinococcusgranulosus(DwarfDogTapeworm) Causativeagentofcysticechinococcosis(CE) Occurrence.E.granulosusoccurs ...

Platyhelmintha(syn.Platyhelminthes) 567 EchinococcusgranulosusandE.multilocularis:LifeCycles 1a 1b 2 4b^3 4a 3a 5 Fig. 1 0. 9 1a ...

568 10 Helminths moreprotoscoleceswithfoursuckersandtowrowsofrostellarhooks (Fig. 1 0. 10 h).Thethinbroodcapsulesbursttoreleasef ...

Platyhelmintha(syn.Platyhelminthes) 569 EchinococcusgranulosusandE.multilocularis 10 Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme ...

570 10 Helminths Table 1 0. 3 ClinicalParametersofHumanCysticandAlveolarEchinococcosis^1 Clinicalparameters Cysticechinococcosis ...

Platyhelmintha(syn.Platyhelminthes) 571 encapsulatedorcalcifiedcystsarepresent.Symptomsmayappearafter monthsoryearswhenoneormore ...

572 10 Helminths Morphologyanddevelopment &Adultstage.E.multilocularisisonly 2 – 4 mmlong.Typically,theadult cestodehasfive( ...

Platyhelmintha(syn.Platyhelminthes) 573 &Definitivehosts,intermediatehosts,andaccidentalhosts.Themost importantdefinitivehos ...