Medical Microbiology

Inprenataldiagnostics,PCRisseeingincreasingusefordirectdetection ofpathogensintheamnioticfluid.DetectionofToxoplasmaDNAwiththis ...

infection.Ofparticularimportanceinpreventionofprenataltoxoplasmosis isprophylacticserologicalmonitoring,withonecheckpertrimester ...

Diagnosisandtherapy.Detectionofoocystsinstoolspecimensusingcon- centration methodsor instained stool smears(forinstance modified ...

11 – 13 daysarereportedforS.hominisandS.suihominis,respectively.Ex- aminationoflargepopulationgroupsinGermany(n=approx. 150 0)an ...

Morphologyandlifecycle.C.hominisandC.parvuminhabitmainlythesmall intestineandproduceoocysts 4 – 5 lmindiameter.Followingperorali ...

arealsofoundinotherlocalizations(gallbladder,bile,andpancreaticducts, esophagus,stomach,largeintestine,respiratorytract). Diagno ...

Recommendationstoavoidinfection:hygienicprecautionswhenhand- lingoocystsexcreters(humans,animals)anddiagnosticspecimens,improve- ...

&Plasmodiummalariae:quartanmalaria(malariaquartana), &Plasmodiumfalciparum:malignanttertianmalaria(malariatropica). Thes ...

sion 2000 (P.malariae)to 30000 (P.falciparum)merozoitesareproduced. Thisdevelopmenttakessix(P.falciparum) to 15 (P.malariae)days ...

Plasmodium 523 MalarialPlasmodia:LifeCycle 3 3a b a 4 6 7 8 5 1 2 2a 2b 9 Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme ...

thebloodplasmawhentheerythrocyteisdestroyed,theyinfectotherery- throcytesandbeginanewasexualcycle.Afterashortinitialphase,thesch ...

&Afteroneormoreschizogonicgenerations,someoftheplasmodiaineach generationdevelopintosexualforms,themalemicrogamonts(microgam ...

DevelopmentintheMosquito(SexualDevelopmentandSporogony) ThisdevelopmentalstageisshownindetailinFig.9. 17 bandwillonlybedescribed ...

thatthemalignanttertianmalaria(malariatropica)oftendoesnotshowthis typicalperiodicity. &Classicmalarialparoxysm.Afteraniniti ...

&Malignanttertianmalaria(malariatropica),causedbyP.falciparum: Incubationperiod: sevento 15 daysorlonger. Parasitemia: often ...

symptomssuchasnausea,vomiting,anddiarrhea.Atlowerconcentrations, TNFacancontributetothekillingoftheintracellularparasites.Variou ...

mentintheplasmodiaisespeciallynoticeable),hemorrhages,necroticfocion obturatedvesselssurroundedbyinflammatoryreactions(Du ̈rckgr ...

Malarialparasitescanbetransmittedbyfemalemosquitoesofabout 80 speciesofthegenusAnopheles(Anophelesgambiaecomplex,etc.).Thelarval ...

532 9 Protozoa Table9. 6 AntimalarialAgents(aselection) Chemicalgroup Spectrumofefficacy anddrug (P):usedforprophylaxis Asexual ...

&Treatmentofacutedisease.Theclinicalsymptomsofmalariaarecaused bytheasexualformsintheerythrocyticschizogoniccycle.Aclinicalc ...