Medical Microbiology

474 8 VirusesasHumanPathogen Allofthesediseasesaredesignatedastransmissibleencephalopathieschar- acterizedbyincubationperiodsofa ...

V Parasitology Trichinellaspiralis Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme ...

9 Protozoa J.Eckert Generalinformationonparasites.Aparasite(fromtheGreekwordparasitos) isdefinedasanorganismthatlivesinamoreorle ...

477 Table9. 1 ProvisionalClassificationoftheProtozoaMentionedintheText Phylum &Subphylum Class Order Genus Metamonada Diplom ...

ofothergroups),andmitosomes(Entamoeba)(seeunderspecificprotozoan groups).Motilestagesoftheparasiticprotozoamostlymovebymeansof f ...

domesticandwildmammalsaremorphologicallyuniformandcorrespond toG.intestinalis.However,thisisageneticallyheterogeneousspecies,i.e ...

werefoundinbothhumansanddomesticanimals(e.g.,cattle,sheep,dogs). TheseandotherfactssupporttheconclusionthatsomestrainsofG.duo- d ...

Trichomonasvaginalis Causativeagentoftrichomonosis &Trichomonasvaginalisisafrequentflagellatespeciesthatoccursworld- wideand ...

HumansarethesolereservoirofT.vaginalis.Theparasitesaretransmitted mainlyduringsexualintercourse.About 2 – 17 %offemaleneonatesbo ...

Trypanosoma CausativeagentsofAfricantrypanosomosis(sleepingsickness) andAmericantrypanosomosis(Chagasdisease) &Trypanosomabr ...

Trypanosomatidaemultiplybylongitudinalbinaryfission.InTrypanosoma bruceibrucei(seebelow)thereisevidenceofgeneticexchangeduringde ...

TrypanosomabruceigambienseandTrypanosoma bruceirhodesiense CausativeagentsofAfricantrypanosomosis(sleepingsickness) Parasitespec ...

evenepidemicproportionsinrecentyears.Theriskofinfectionfortravelers stayingbrieflyinendemicareasislow,butinfectionsdooccuronareg ...

Trypanosoma 487 Trypanosomagambienseandrhodesiense:LifeCycle In Glossina flies In human blood Salivary gland Intestine 1 2 3 4 5 ...

Epidemiology.ThereareepidemiologicaldifferencesbetweenT.gambiense andT.rhodesiense(Table9. 2 ),themainonebeingthatT.rhodesiensep ...

Pathogenesisandimmunology.Thecourseoftheinfectionischaracterized bysuccessivewavesofparasitemiacausedbyantigenicvariationinsucce ...

Manyfactorscontributetothepathogenesisofsleepingsickness,among themtheactivationofkallikrein,kinin,complement,andthecoagulations ...

riorofcarsfortsetsefliesandspraywithinsecticides.Glossinafliesaretar- getedbyinsecticidesprayingsinpreventiveprograms.Morerecent ...

anddomesticmammals.Themostimportantinepidemiologicaltermsare dogs,cats,rodents,chickens,opossums,andarmadillos.Asidefromthere- d ...

Leishmania Causativeagentofleishmanioses &Leishmaniasaretransmittedbysandflies(Phlebotomidal)andcausethe followingmainformso ...