Emergency Medicine

ACUTE ABDOMEN 256 Surgical Emergencies MINOR BURNS OF THE FACE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT 1 Leave these alone and exposed to heal ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN Surgical Emergencies 257 6 Insert one or two large-bore i.v. cannulae and send blood for FBC, U&Es, LFTs, bloo ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN 258 Surgical Emergencies (iii) Otherwise pain tends to localize over the organ affected, provided there is periton ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN Surgical Emergencies 259 (b) with i.v. plus or minus oral contrast for difficult diagnoses particularly in the old ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN 260 Surgical Emergencies Acute appendicitis DIAGNOSIS 1 Acute appendicitis causes poorly localized central abdomin ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN Surgical Emergencies 261 4 The pain becomes more continuous and generalized if strangulation occurs (most common w ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN 262 Surgical Emergencies MANAGEMENT 1 Insert an i.v. cannula and commence careful i.v. rehydration with analgesia. ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN Surgical Emergencies 263 MANAGEMENT 1 Commence an i.v. inf usion to treat dehydration or shock. 2 Refer the patien ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN 264 Surgical Emergencies Biliary colic DIAGNOSIS 1 This presents with discrete episodes of colicky pain in the rig ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN Surgical Emergencies 265 Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm DIAGNOSIS 1 This classically presents with sudden abdo ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN 266 Surgical Emergencies Ischaemic colitis DIAGNOSIS 1 This usually occurs in an elderly patient with recurrent ab ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN Surgical Emergencies 267 Ruptured spleen DIAGNOSIS 1 Left lower rib injuries following blunt trauma are associated ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN 268 Surgical Emergencies 6 Record the ECG, which may show diffuse T wave inversion, in the absence of myocardial i ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN Surgical Emergencies 269 (i) CT can determine the presence of calculi, their size, degree of ureteric obstruction ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN 270 Surgical Emergencies MANAGEMENT 1 Significantly ill patients. (i) Includes those with vomiting, dehydration, o ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN Surgical Emergencies 271 Acute epididymo-orchitis DIAGNOSIS 1 This occurs in sexually active men with a preceding ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN 272 Surgical Emergencies (i) Still refer the patient for surgery even if >6 h have elapsed, as orchidopexy is r ...

ACUTE ABDOMEN Surgical Emergencies 273 Gynaecological causes The following causes are discussed in Section XII, Obstetric and Gy ...

Further Reading 274 Surgical Emergencies 4 Neurogenic origin (i) Herpes zoster. (ii) Radiculitis from spinal cord degeneration o ...

ORTHOPAEDIC EMERGENCIES Section IX ...