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Chapter 6 Optical Amplifiers As seen in Chapter 5, the transmission distance of any fiber-optic communication sys- tem is eventu ...

6.1. BASIC CONCEPTS 227 gain coefficientof such a medium can be written as [1] g(ω)= g 0 1 +(ω−ω 0 )^2 T 22 +P/Ps , (6.1.1) wher ...

228 CHAPTER 6. OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS Figure 6.1: Lorentzian gain profileg(ω)and the corresponding amplifier-gain spectrumG(ω) for a ...

6.1. BASIC CONCEPTS 229 Figure 6.2: Saturated amplifier gainGas a function of the output power (normalized to the saturation pow ...

230 CHAPTER 6. OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS Here,Pouts is smaller thanPsby about 30%. Indeed, by noting thatG 0 2 in practice (G 0 =1000 ...

6.1. BASIC CONCEPTS 231 mixes with the amplified signal and produces the currentI=R| √ GEin+Esp|^2 at the photodetector of respo ...

232 CHAPTER 6. OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS Figure 6.3: Three possible applications of optical amplifiers in lightwave systems: (a) as in- ...

6.2. SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS 233 whereR 1 andR 2 are the facet reflectivities,νmrepresents the cavity-resonance frequen ...

234 CHAPTER 6. OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS Figure 6.4: (a) Tilted-stripe and (b) buried-facet structures for nearly TW semiconductor opti ...

6.2. SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS 235 Figure 6.5: Amplifier gain versus signal wavelength for a semiconductor optical amplif ...

236 CHAPTER 6. OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS from Eq. (6.1.11) withPsgiven by Eq. (6.2.9). Typical values ofPouts are in the range 5–10 mW. ...

6.2. SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS 237 Figure 6.6: Three configurations used to reduce the polarization sensitivity of semico ...

238 CHAPTER 6. OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS Equations (6.2.11) and (6.2.12) govern amplification of optical pulses in SOAs. They can be so ...

6.2. SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS 239 Figure 6.7: Time-dependent amplification factor for super-Gaussian input pulses of inp ...

240 CHAPTER 6. OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS Figure 6.8: Frequency chirp imposed across the amplified pulse for several values ofEin/Esat.A ...

6.2. SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS 241 Figure 6.9: (a) Shape and (b) spectrum at the output of a semiconductor optical amplif ...