"Introduction". In: Fiber-Optic Communication Systems

282 CHAPTER 7. DISPERSION MANAGEMENT Figure 7.1: Schematic of the prechirp technique used for dispersion compensation: (a) FM ou ...

7.2. PRECOMPENSATION SCHEMES 283 of the optical carrier can be realized by modulating the current injected into the DFB laser by ...

284 CHAPTER 7. DISPERSION MANAGEMENT Figure 7.2: Dispersion compensation using FSK coding: (a) Optical frequency and power of th ...

7.2. PRECOMPENSATION SCHEMES 285 Figure 7.3: Streak-camera traces of the 16-Gb/s signal transmitted over 70 km of standard fiber ...

286 CHAPTER 7. DISPERSION MANAGEMENT external-cavity semiconductor laser, over 70 km of fiber [26]. Figure 7.3 compares the stre ...

7.3. POSTCOMPENSATION TECHNIQUES 287 Figure 7.4: Dispersion-limited transmission distance as a function of launch power for Gaus ...

288 CHAPTER 7. DISPERSION MANAGEMENT must operate at the bit rate and whose complexity increases exponentially with the number o ...

7.4. DISPERSION-COMPENSATING FIBERS 289 accelerated in pace. There are two basic approaches to designing DCFs. In one ap- proach ...

290 CHAPTER 7. DISPERSION MANAGEMENT (a) (b) Figure 7.5: (a) Schematic of a DCF made using a higher-order mode (HOM) fiber and t ...

7.5. OPTICAL FILTERS 291 Figure 7.6: Dispersion management in a long-haul fiber link using optical filters after each amplifier. ...

292 CHAPTER 7. DISPERSION MANAGEMENT Figure 7.7: (a) A planar lightwave circuit made using of a chain of Mach–Zehnder interferom ...

7.6. FIBER BRAGG GRATINGS 293 alytically and is used to optimize the device design and performance [57]. In a 1994 implementatio ...

294 CHAPTER 7. DISPERSION MANAGEMENT -10 -5 0 5 10 Detuning 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Reflectivity -10 -5 0 5 10 Detuning -15 -10 ...

7.6. FIBER BRAGG GRATINGS 295 δ (cm−^1 ) -20 -10 0 10 20 β g 2 (ps 2 /cm) -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 10 cm−^151 Figure 7.9: Gr ...

296 CHAPTER 7. DISPERSION MANAGEMENT Wavelength (nm) Delay (ps) Transmission Figure 7.10: Transmittivity (dashed curve) and time ...

7.6. FIBER BRAGG GRATINGS 297 Figure 7.11: Dispersion compensation by a linearly chirped fiber grating: (a) index profilen(z) al ...

298 CHAPTER 7. DISPERSION MANAGEMENT Wavelength (nm) Normalized Reflectivity (dB) Time Delay (ps) Figure 7.12: Measured reflecti ...

7.6. FIBER BRAGG GRATINGS 299 Figure 7.13: Schematic illustration of dispersion compensation by two fiber-based transmission fil ...

300 CHAPTER 7. DISPERSION MANAGEMENT a compact device by using semiconductor waveguides since the supermodes of two coupled wave ...

7.7. OPTICAL PHASE CONJUGATION 301 7.7.2 Compensation of Self-Phase Modulation As discussed in Section 2.6, the nonlinear phenom ...