A01_RICH4603_04_SE_A01.QXD

adjacency pair n a sequence of two related utterances by two different speakers. The second utterance is always a response to th ...

e they can be used in a comparative or superlative form, e.g. the bag seems heaviernow. see also complement,comparative,attribut ...

For example, in the sentence He shouldn’t do that, we can say that the negative not(in contracted form) has been adjoined to the ...

For example, adverbs of mannere.g. carefully, slowly, adverbs of place e.g. here, there, locally, and adverbs of timee.g. now, h ...

persuade them of the educational, social, economic and other benefits of proposed changes. See also situational analysis. affect ...

affective variable n see cognitive variable affirmative adj a grammatical construction that expresses a positive meaning, in con ...

In syntax, AAE speakers can delete the verb to bein the same environments in which SAE permits to becontracted, for example the ...

For example, in: Tom pruned the roses. Tomis in the agentive case. But the subject of the verb is not necessarily always in the ...

agreement^1 n in general, two elements agree if they have at least one feature in common. For example, in English the third pers ...

alliteration n the repetition of an initial sound, usually a consonant, in two or more words that occur close together. For exam ...

Children are taught the names of the letters of the alphabet – a“ay”, b “bee”, c“see”, etc. – and when they see a new or unfamil ...

In general, if test takers receive similar scores on alternate forms of a test, this suggests that the test is reliable (see rel ...

In English alveolar stops are made with the tip of the tongue, but alveolar fricatives – the /s/ in /sip/ sip, and the /z/ in /z ...

in language learning, a process by which unknown forms are constructed according to the pattern of other forms that the learner ...

analytic stylen see global learning anaphora nanaphor n anaphoric adj a process where a word or phrase (anaphor) refers back to ...

antecedent n see anaphora anthropological linguistics n a branch of linguistics which studies the relationship between language ...

A person who is not dead must be alive, but something which is not big is not necessarily small, it may be somewhere between the ...

apostrophe s n the ending ’swhich is added to nouns in English to indicate possession. For example: Michael’sson The director’sc ...

appraisal theory n a developing area within discourse analysis and conversation analysis and associated with Halliday’s Systemic ...

Give me a glass of water! is grammatical, but it would not be appropriate if the speaker wanted to be polite. A request such as: ...