A01_RICH4603_04_SE_A01.QXD

conceptn the general idea or meaning which is associated with a word or symbol in a person’s mind. Concepts are the abstract mea ...

conceptual metaphor n see metaphor concessive clausen a dependent clause giving information which contrasts with information con ...

... calculations a second. The centre makes forecasts10 days ahead for 18 national meteorological... ... any action whose succes ...

on something that may or will happen, and which is described in another clause. For example: If it rains, we will go home. If yo ...

a range of values with a lower and an upper limit between which an unknown population parameter value is expected to lie with a ...

Adverbs which are used to introduce or connect clauses are sometimes known as conjunctive adverbs, for example however, neverthe ...

3 The result of learning is often a network of simple units that acts as though it “knows” abstract rules, although the rules th ...

object of science. For these reasons, many second language researchers prefer to frame their questions in terms of relatively be ...

Consolidation normally occurs at the end of a lesson. It can be compared with revision, which takes place at a later time and se ...

consonant cluster simplificationn see consonant cluster reduction consonant harmonyn consonant articulation agreement within a w ...

a technique sometimes used in teaching and in grammatical analysis in which a sentence is analyzed into its main parts or consti ...

constructed-response itemn a type of test item or test task that requires test takers to respond to a series of open-ended quest ...

Constructivists believe that there are no enduring, context-free truths, that researcher biascannot be eliminated, that multiple ...

content areasn alsocontent fields the subjects other than language which are taught in a school curriculum. In countries with im ...

other study materials, in contrast with reading which is for pleasure or relaxation. content scheman in theories of reading comp ...

contextn contextualadj that which occurs before and /or after a word, a phrase or even a longer utteranceor a text. The context ...

contextualizationncontextualizev in language teaching, the provision of examples of how a new learning item is used in a meaning ...

continuant n a consonantthat is produced when the primary constriction in the vocal tract is not narrowed to the point where the ...

structural linguistics to language teaching, and is based on the following assumptions: a the main difficulties in learning a ne ...

control groupn (in research) one of two groups used in certain kinds of experimental research, the other being the experimental ...