Medical Surgical Nursing

prothrombinlevel is low. Blood component therapy may be administered before surgery. Nutritional requirements are considered; if ...

 The gallbladder also contains stones, and as a rule a cholecystectomyis performed at the same time. Percutaneous cholecystosto ...

Pathophysiology  Self-digestion of the pancreas by its own proteolyticenzymes, principally trypsin, causes acute pancreatitis. ...

 Myocardial depression, hypocalcemia, hyperglycemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy(DIC) may also occur. Assessmen ...

 Ultrasound and CT scans.  Hematocritand hemoglobin levels to monitor for bleeding.  Peritoneal fluid may contain increased l ...

even with normal x-ray findings. Respiratory care may range from close monitoring of arterial blood gases to use of humidified o ...

treatment with thiazide diuretics, corticosteroids, or oral contraceptives, these medications are discontinued.  Follow-up of t ...

Assessment and Diagnostic Findings  ERCP is the most useful study in the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis. It provides detail ...

 Other surgical procedures may be performed for different degrees and types of disease, ranging from revision of the sphincter ...

whether benign (adenoma) or malignant (carcinoma), are responsible for the syndrome of hyperinsulinism. Clinical Manifestations ...

 The patient may be treated with radiation and chemotherapy (fluorouracil and gemcitabine). If the patient undergoes surgery, i ...

Abdominal discomfort or pain and pruritus may be noted, along with anorexia, weight loss, and malaise. Assessment and Diagnostic ...

Nursing Management  Preoperatively and postoperatively, nursing care is directed toward promoting patient comfort, preventing c ...

Nursing Process for the Patient Undergoing Surgery for Gallbladder Disease Nursing Process for the Patient Undergoing Surgery fo ...

understanding of self-care routines. Postoperative Nursing Interventions After recovery from anesthesia, the patient is placed i ...

meal to deliver bile to the duodenum to aid in digestion. Within 7 to 14 days, the drainage tube is removed. The patient who goe ...

promptly any changes in the amount or characteristics of drainage. Assistance in securing the appropriate dressings reduces the ...

Chapter 41 Assessment and Management of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus Definition Is a group of metabolic di ...

Etiology and Pathophysiology Progressive destruction of pancreatic b cells Autoantibodies cause a reduction of 80% to 90% of no ...

 If the concentration of glucose in the blood exceeds the renal threshold for glucose, usually 180 to 200 mg/dL, the kidneys ma ...