An introduction to Japanese - Syntax, Grammar & Language
3.1. REVISITS AND SIMPLE INFLECTIONS 91 , ’early’), is turning into the adverb ’quickly’ by using its. With noun adjectives, we ...
92 CHAPTER 3. MORE GRAMMAR For verbal adjectives, things are a bit more complicated, because using an adjective as a noun requir ...
3.1. REVISITS AND SIMPLE INFLECTIONS 93 was simply not required, simply aren’t accepted as natural speech when you use them. Sec ...
94 CHAPTER 3. MORE GRAMMAR 3.1.5 More negatives The basic negative form was already discussed in the previous chapter, but it on ...
3.1. REVISITS AND SIMPLE INFLECTIONS 95 semi-formal seĴings preferred to the simpler negative continuative, which for our exampl ...
96 CHAPTER 3. MORE GRAMMAR affirmative negative present ( ) ( ) past ( ) ( ) Next up are the verbal adjectives. Verbal adjective ...
3.1. REVISITS AND SIMPLE INFLECTIONS 97 affirmative negative present plain x polite x past plain x polite x (while theoretically ...
98 CHAPTER 3. MORE GRAMMAR (The stem for changes: its is , its is , and its is - however, inflection uses the same rules) Then, ...
3.2. FURTHER INFLECTIONS 99 English sentence: ”(The) birds are singing, (the) flowers are blooming; spring has ar- rived.” For a ...
100 CHAPTER 3. MORE GRAMMAR I ate breakfast and went to school serial action I bought juice and tomatos noun list It’s my car, a ...
3.2. FURTHER INFLECTIONS 101 original verb meaning joined verb meaning write rewrite do redo, do over ’Crowd’, ’fill up’, ’go i ...
102 CHAPTER 3. MORE GRAMMAR Verb/adjective conjunctive There are three adjectives that are commonly used in verb/adjective com- ...
3.2. FURTHER INFLECTIONS 103 3.2.2 Continuative: form The continuative in Japanese is also commonly refered to as the ” form”, b ...
104 CHAPTER 3. MORE GRAMMAR For the verbs, as well as verbal adjectives, no contractions oc- cur: continuative + : + : + : Irreg ...
3.2. FURTHER INFLECTIONS 105 You may have noticed that in these two sentences only the last verb in the sentence has an inflecti ...
106 CHAPTER 3. MORE GRAMMAR adjectives, ending on , and simply use ’s form: ”(It)’s a not big, not red, heavy book.” Of course, ...
3.2. FURTHER INFLECTIONS 107 tends to be preferred; for a chaining with an implied contrast of sorts, is typically preferred. ”( ...
108 CHAPTER 3. MORE GRAMMAR 3.2.3 Special form conjunctions. We’re not quite done with the form yet, because there are a number ...
3.2. FURTHER INFLECTIONS 109 this state, rather than merely describing it. The reason for this is the fact that a transitive ver ...
110 CHAPTER 3. MORE GRAMMAR Colloquially, the + form is often shortened by dropping the , to create + instead. This means that t ...
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