The Foundations of Chemistry

The IUPAC naming system is based on the names of the unbranched hydrocarbons given in Table 27-2 and their higher homologues. To ...

Summary of IUPAC Rules for Naming Alkanes 1.Find the longest chain of C atoms. Choose the base name that describes the number of ...

Plan We first find the longest carbon chain and number it to give the substituent encountered first the smallest possible number ...

Solution Then we fill in enough hydrogens to saturate each C atom and arrive at the structure EXAMPLE 27-5 Writing Formulas from ...

UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS There are three classes of unsaturated hydrocarbons: (1) the alkenes and their cyclic coun- terparts, t ...

CC Our Daily Lives HEMISTRY IN USE Petroleum Petroleum, or crude oil, was discovered in the United States (Pennsylvania) in 1859 ...

Summary of IUPAC Rules for Naming Alkenes and Cycloalkenes 1.Locate the C atoms in the longestC chain that contains the double b ...

Some alkenes, called polyenes,have two or more carbon–carbon double bonds per molecule. The suffixes -adiene, -atriene,and so on ...

largest groups in the chain are the terminal XCH 3 (carbon 1) and the XCH 2 CH 3 (carbons 4 and 5); these are on the same sideof ...

EXAMPLE 27-8 Cycloalkenes Write the skeletal representation of 3-methylcyclohexene. Plan We draw the ring of the specified size ...

8-14). Triply bonded carbon atoms are sp-hybridized. The triply bonded atoms and their adjacent atoms lie on a straight line (Fi ...

EXAMPLE 27-10 Naming Alkynes Give the IUPAC name of the compound Plan We find the longest chain and number it to give the triple ...

Elemental analysis and determination of its molecular weight showed that the molec- ular formula for benzene is C 6 H 6. The for ...

OTHER AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS Benzene molecules bearing alkyl substituents are called alkylbenzenes.The simplest of these is methy ...

Another class of aromatic hydrocarbons consists of “condensed” or “fused-ring” aromatic systems. The simplest of these are napht ...

HYDROCARBONS: A SUMMARY Hydrocarbons contain only carbon and hydrogen. They can be subdivided into various groups. To assist you ...

In the IUPAC naming system, the organic halides are named as halo- derivatives of the parent hydrocarbons. The prefix halo- can ...

The simplest phenol is called phenol. The most common member of a class of compounds is often called by the class name. Salt, su ...

Indeed, this is a better view. The structure of water was discussed in Section 8-9. The hydroxyl group in an alcohol or a phenol ...

Figure 27-14 Models of ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol or grain alcohol), CH 3 CH 2 OH. 106 8CHAPTER 27: Organic Chemistry I: ...