Modern Control Engineering
130 Chapter 4 / Mathematical Modeling of Fluid Systems and Thermal Systems x Port I Port II Power cylinder y Pilot valve Oil und ...
Section 4–4 / Hydraulic Systems 131 (a) (b) e b a x y I II A B C Oil under pressure E(s) X(s) Y(s) a a+b b a+b K Figure 4–20 +– ...
132 Chapter 4 / Mathematical Modeling of Fluid Systems and Thermal Systems +– (a) (b) (c) q R P 2 P 1 A k y y z z t t Y(s) Z(s) ...
Section 4–4 / Hydraulic Systems 133 + (a)(b) Spring Area=A constant=k Density of oil =r Oil under pressure Resistance=R e x ...
134 Chapter 4 / Mathematical Modeling of Fluid Systems and Thermal Systems + (a) (b) e a b x z y R k q P 2 P 1 Area = A Dens ...
Section 4–4 / Hydraulic Systems 135 e a b x y R R k 1 k 2 Area=A z Figure 4–24 Schematic diagram of a hydraulic proportional-plu ...
136 Chapter 4 / Mathematical Modeling of Fluid Systems and Thermal Systems ab+b +– Ks E(s) X(s) Y(s) Z(s) T 1 s T 1 T 2 s^2 + (T ...
Section 4–5 / Thermal Systems 137 There are three different ways heat can flow from one substance to another: con- duction, conv ...
138 Chapter 4 / Mathematical Modeling of Fluid Systems and Thermal Systems Heater Cold liquid Mixer Hot liquid (a) (b) Hi(s) R – ...
Section 4–5 / Thermal Systems 139 or which may be rewritten as Note that the time constant of the system is equal to RCorM/Gseco ...
140 Chapter 4 / Mathematical Modeling of Fluid Systems and Thermal Systems Q Qi H CapacitanceC Figure 4–27 Liquid-level system. ...
Example Problems and Solutions 141 A–4–2. Consider the liquid-level system shown in Figure 4–28. In the system, and are steady-s ...
142 Chapter 4 / Mathematical Modeling of Fluid Systems and Thermal Systems In the form of the standard vector-matrix representat ...
Example Problems and Solutions 143 Defining the displacement of the midpoint of the rod that connects two bellows as x, find the ...
144 Chapter 4 / Mathematical Modeling of Fluid Systems and Thermal Systems A–4–5. Draw a block diagram of the pneumatic controll ...
Example Problems and Solutions 145 From the equations just derived, a block diagram of the controller can be drawn, as shown in ...
146 Chapter 4 / Mathematical Modeling of Fluid Systems and Thermal Systems If the resistance Riis removed, or Ri=0, the action b ...
Example Problems and Solutions 147 Oil under pressure A y x Figure 4–34 Hydraulic jet-pipe controller. mentx, the oil flows to t ...
148 Chapter 4 / Mathematical Modeling of Fluid Systems and Thermal Systems Engine Oil under pressure k b z e y a 2 a 1 v Figure ...
Example Problems and Solutions 149 A–4–9. Derive the transfer function Z(s)/Y(s)of the hydraulic system shown in Figure 4–37. As ...
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