Modern inorganic chemistry

136 GROUPS I AND II TESTS FOR GROUP I CATIONS All the cations of Group I produce a characteristic colour in a flame (lithium, r ...

GROUPS I AND II 137 above elements other than beryllium (Be), stating in each case the name of the element, for example Be would ...

The elements of Group III (Boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium) Of the five Group III elements, only boron and aluminium ...

THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP II! 139 OXIDATION STATE +3 Summation of the first three ionisation energies of any Group III element indic ...

140 THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP III thallium. Unipositive compounds of aluminium, gallium and indium (unlike those of thallium which a ...

THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP III 141 PROPERTIES OF THE ELEMENTS OCCURRENCE AND EXTRACTION Boron Boron does not occur free in nature; in ...

142 THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP III From the sodium aluminate solution, aluminium hydroxide is precipitated by passing in carbon dioxi ...

THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP III 143 less importance, aluminium chloride vapour is passed through the fused oxide at about 1300 K, when ...

144 THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP III hydrogen is liberated. Boron reacts slowly with boiling concentrated sodium hydroxide to give sodi ...

THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP Ml 145 COMPOUNDS OF BORON AND ALUMINIUM HYDRIDES Boron forms a whole series of hydrides. The simplest of t ...

146 THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP III Borane, BH 3 Borane does not exist as such, but a donor molecule can break up diborane and form an ...

THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP III 147 Here, the essential reaction is the formation of the tetrahvdridoborate ion and again the covalenc ...

148 THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP 111 3LiH + A1C1 3 -* A1H 3 + 3LiCll 4LiH + A1C1 3 -* LiAlH 4 + 3LiCl| In the absence of excess lithium ...

THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP I 149 H O HO x B; + 2H 2 O V X O H H O HO x BxX X OH O H In the presence of glycerol or mannitol (polyhydr ...

150 THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP III Aluminium oxide, alumina A1 2 O 3 Aluminium oxide occurs naturally as emery (an impure form) and a ...

THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP III 151 the position of the equilibrium. The equilibria involved have been discussed on p. 45; essentially ...

152 THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP III The structure of these solid compounds is not known with certainty but an approximate formula migh ...

THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP III 153 The melting and boiling points of the aluminium halides, in contrast to the boron compounds, are i ...

154 THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP Ml 4BF 3 + 6H 2 O -> 3H 3 O+ + 3BF4 + H 3 BO 3 The BF 4 ion has a regular tetrahedral configuration ...

THE ELEMENTS OF GROUP III 155 It forms an ion BClJ only under special circumstances, and never in aqueous solutions (cf. BF 3 ). ...