Science - USA (2022-02-11)

1D) based on insect muscles (fig. S1) ( 14 ). In insects, each contraction results automat- ically from a response to the stretc ...

2 ′; Fig. 2F, vortices 2 and 3′) and continuously moved away from the fish body under its own momentum (Fig. 2, D to G, vortices ...

spontaneous rhythmic contractions in mus- cular bilayers. We tested whether reconstructing a geo- metrically distinct and electr ...

and figs. S13 and S14). Comparing two G-node sizes showed that a larger G-node containing ~1700 cells increased the probability ...

swimming speeds per unit muscle mass by an order of magnitude (13 times the maximum swimming speed of the biohybrid stingray) ( ...

of the biohybrid stingray (6 days) ( 3 ) and the skeletal muscle-based biohybrid actuator (7 days) ( 40 )], equivalent to 38 mil ...

Biologically Inspired Engineering, National Institutes of Health National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences grant UH3T ...

figs. S6 and S7) ( 7 ). In contrast to atomic dia- mond crystals, the presence of these symmetry- forbidden reflections results ...

shown in Fig. 1D, the normal directions of the ossicles are primarily oriented along the [111] direction of the diamond microlat ...

Previous studies have demonstrated that in- dividual echinoderm ossicles largely diffract as single-crystal calcite ( 9 ) despit ...

the average length and thickness of the branches in non-[111] directions, respectively. It is conceiv- able that a largerhor a l ...

Because calcite is a brittle mineral, and biogenic calcite also fractures upon critical loading ( 31 ), we further investigated ...

PIEZOELECTRICS Induced giant piezoelectricity in centrosymmetric oxides D.-S. Park1,2, M. Hadad^2 , L. M. Riemer^1 , R. Ignatans ...

of oxygen with the ambient atmosphere in oxygen-nonstoichiometric fluorite structures (Y-doped ZrO 2 or Re+3-doped CeO 2 , where ...

wherexis the out-of-plane strain of the film, DLis the thickness change,Mis the corre- sponding electrostrictive coefficient, an ...

strain, reaching values of up to 2.15% (dind~ 13,700 pm/V) (Fig. 2D). The nonlinear depen- dence of the AC strain onEDC(Fig. 2D) ...

andCGOceramics,aswellasCGOfilmspre- pared by a different deposition technique (figs. S13 to S15). The obtained piezoelectric coe ...

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Remote steric control for undirectedmeta-selective CÐH activation of arenes Boobalan Ramadoss†, Yushu Jin†, So ...

(fig. S2). Alkylarenes bearing a bulky substit- uent such astert-butyl (1a) or adamantyl (1b) reacted with highmetaselectivity ( ...

with a good yield but moderate selectivity (8.1:1). Phenylsilane (1q) reacted with high yield and highmetaselectivity (18:1). A ...