Sports Medicine: Just the Facts
ENERGY STORES AND SOURCES •ATP, glucose, and free fatty acids are stored in various amounts, with ATP storage being sufficient f ...
CHAPTER 8 • BASICS IN EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 39 L/min and represents a limit for comparison with maximal VE during exercise (VEmax) ...
During maximal exercise testing below the anaerobic threshold, VE is linearly related to VO 2 and VCO 2 , after which VE/VO 2 i ...
CHAPTER 8 • BASICS IN EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 41 by a simple verbal expression: a person exercising at 130 bpm should report a RPE o ...
These units are used by the Center for Disease Control to recommend exercise intensity. Energy expenditure for activities such ...
CHAPTER 8 • BASICS IN EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 43 Hb-O 2 affinity. Peripheral determinants include muscle blood flow, capillary densi ...
preexercise states, after having borrowed ATP at the beginning of exercise. This term, O 2 debt, was coined by AV Hill in the ea ...
CHAPTER 8 • BASICS IN EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 45 DELAYED-ONSETMUSCLESORENESS Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a term used to ...
dynamometry (maximal strength), and isokinetic equipment (60 to 120°/s). Muscular endurance can be measured by maximal number o ...
CHAPTER 9 • ARTICULAR CARTILAGE INJURY 47 Chondrocytes (5% of total wet weight) are derived from mesenchymal stem cells which d ...
synthesis, the collagen network remains intact, and sufficient chondrocytes remain viable (Martin and Buckwalter, 2000). Chondr ...
CHAPTER 9 • ARTICULAR CARTILAGE INJURY 49 flexion weight bearing posteroanterior (PA), patellofemoral, and non-weight-bearing la ...
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT Various surgical modalities exist for the treatment of chondral lesions and can be grouped into three cate- ...
CHAPTER 9 • ARTICULAR CARTILAGE INJURY 51 patient (i.e., autograft) or from a cadaveric source (i.e., allograft). The two-dimens ...
52 SECTION 1 • GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS IN SPORTS MEDICINE TABLE 9-9 Results of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation AUTHOR N LOCAT ...
CHAPTER 9 • ARTICULAR CARTILAGE INJURY 53 DECISION MAKING The choice of surgical intervention is complex and involves the consi ...
Beaver RJ, Mahomed M, Backstein D, et al: Fresh osteochondral allografts for post-traumatic defects in the knee. A survivor- shi ...
CHAPTER 10 • MUSCLE AND TENDON INJURY AND REPAIR 55 Minas T: Autologous chondrocyte implantation for focal chon- dral defects of ...
A chemical transmission occurs across the synapses that generate electric potentials in the muscle mem- branes. These electric p ...
CHAPTER 10 • MUSCLE AND TENDON INJURY AND REPAIR 57 may delay complete healing of the muscle tissue (Nikolaou et al, 1987; Obrem ...
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