Foundations of Cognitive Psychology: Preface - Preface
not central to the skill. One can write a perfectl yeffective computer program for chess that will not need an yinformation abou ...
theorists (e.g., Ortony, Clore, & Collins, 1988) who characterize the cogni- tive substrate of all emotion in terms of the v ...
literature on autobiographical memor y(Brown & Kulik, 1977; Rubin & Kozin, 1984) suggests that experiences connected wit ...
family, and while listening to music. The least promising environment was at school, with teachers, while performing. The indivi ...
tener, at some level, represent high-level structure. For instance, one cannot define ‘‘melodic appoggiatura’’ apart from a desc ...
Bamberger, J. (1986). Cognitive issues in the development of musicall ygifted children. In R. J. Sternberg & J. E. Davidson ...
Nakamura, H. (1984). Effects of musical emotionalit yupon GSR and respiration rate: The relation- ship between verbal reports an ...
partxii Decision Making ...
Chapter 25 Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman Many decisions are based on belief ...
are evaluated by the degree to which A is representative of B ,that is ,by the degree to which A resembles B. For example ,when ...
The subjects used prior probabilities correctly when they had no other in- formation. In the absence of a personality sketch ,th ...
The larger hospital (21) The smaller hospital (21) Aboutthesame(thatis,within5percentofeachother)(53) The values in parentheses ...
too few runs. Another consequence of the belief in local representativeness is the well-known gambler’s fallacy. After observing ...
subjects were asked toevaluatethe quality of the lesson described in the para- graph in percentile scores ,relative to a specifi ...
second version to be somewhat disappointing. Conversely ,if one selects ten children from among those who did worst on one versi ...
Availability There are situations in which people assess the frequency of a class or the probability of an event by the ease wit ...
this question is to search for contexts in which the word could appear. It seems easier to think of contexts in which an abstrac ...
Illusory Correlation Chapman and Chapman (1969) have described an interesting bias in the judg- ment of the frequency with which ...
and 100 was determined by spinning a wheel of fortune in the subjects’ pres- ence. The subjects were instructed to indicate firs ...
any one stage) provides a natural starting point for the estimation of the prob- abilities of both conjunctive and disjunctive e ...
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