Food Biochemistry and Food Processing

709 Table 31.2. Representative Toxins of Common Foodborne Pathogens, and Their Actions in the Pathogenesis of the Bacteria Organ ...

710 Table 31.2. (Continued ) Organism Toxin Name Toxin Type Size of Toxin Effect/Mode of Action of Toxin E. coli Shiga toxin 1 V ...

711 O-antigen Lipopolysaccharide (nonprotein) LPS may be directly related to the (LPS) upregulation of the Gb3 receptor or indir ...

712 Table 31.2. (Continued ) Organism Toxin Name Toxin Type Size of Toxin Effect/Mode of Action of Toxin
-hemolysin Thiol-acti ...

31 Emerging Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Methods of Detection 713 enteriditiscaused more than 75% of the human ill- nesses ...

714 Part VII: Food Safety There is speculation that the low number of cells required for infection by E. coliO157:H7 is related ...

31 Emerging Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Methods of Detection 715 enterotoxin, Y-ST, which is involved in causing ill- ness ...

716 Part VII: Food Safety replicate and use the host’s actin molecules to trans- port themselves to the host cell’s plasma membr ...

31 Emerging Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Methods of Detection 717 temperatures are warm, and after the holiday season in th ...

718 Part VII: Food Safety foods (Donnelly 2001). These methods vary only in the type of selective media that are used (Hayes et ...

31 Emerging Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Methods of Detection 719 ples (Hoffman and Wedman 2001). In one outbreak involving ...

720 Table 31.3. Comparison of Nucleic Acid–Based Detection Methods for L. monocytogenes Enrichment Total Number of Medium in whi ...

31 Emerging Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Methods of Detection 721 Figure 31.1.Use of competitive PCR to quantify pathogens. ...

722 Part VII: Food Safety pathogen contamination, DNA purified from the food sample is serially diluted and added to a con- stan ...

31 Emerging Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Methods of Detection 723 Figure 31.2.Use of fluorescence resonance energy transfer ...

724 Part VII: Food Safety about 500 cfu/mL in pure culture, and 10^3 –10^4 cfu/25 g of artificially inoculated skim milk (Koo an ...

725 Figure 31.3.Multiplex PCR and the use of fluorescently labeled microspheres to detect pathogens. A.DNA is isolat- ed from th ...

726 Part VII: Food Safety and artificially contaminated cooked ground beef. In pure culture, the authors used enrichment culturi ...

31 Emerging Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Methods of Detection 727 sample is suspected of harboring a pathogen. These method ...

728 Table 31.4. Comparison of Pathogen Subtyping and Verification Methods Amount of Method Advantages Disadvantages DNA required ...