Islamic Economics: A Short History

economic thought in the qur"àn and sunnah 83 measures of crops, fish etc.) the contract is regarded as legitimate. Thus it is wh ...

84 chapter two writing in what became known as the institution of Œisbah, or pub- lic accountability. Third: State Finance The s ...

economic thought in the qur"àn and sunnah 85 the disposal of the Prophet who distributed them to all Muslims whether they took p ...

86 chapter two As the spoils were gained in a Holy war,jihàd, which was ordained by God, determined by Him and conducted by His ...

economic thought in the qur"àn and sunnah 87 revenue with that of the Fai"and the one-fifth of Ghanìmah shows some difference, a ...

88 chapter two These avenues of distribution are not mentioned in the verses of the Fai"or the one-fifth of the Ghanìmah. On the ...

economic thought in the qur"àn and sunnah 89 Jizyah While Zakàh was imposed on Muslims, Jizyahwas levied on non- Muslims. The im ...

90 chapter two economic problem. This is the case even if these problems coincided with the time of Revelation, let alone being ...

economic thought in the qur"àn and sunnah 91 it is an Islamic policy, or a philosophy, that is well embedded in the Qur"àn and S ...

CHAPTER THREE ECONOMIC THOUGHT OF THE RIGHTLY GUIDED CALIPHS (632 A.C.–661 A.C.) Introduction The rightly guided caliphate, Al-K ...

economic thought of the rightly guided caliphs 93 with no deviation from the Qur"ànic rules or Sunnah ideals—a difficult and amb ...

94 chapter three the Prophet’s death. Before the Prophet’s burial, two groups of Muslims disputed the right to the succession: t ...

economic thought of the rightly guided caliphs 95 need to find answers to new socio-economic problems, that either did not exist ...

96 chapter three to in the Qur"àn on more than one occasion (Al- ̨abarì). All this gave Abù-Bakr the pre-requisite for a charism ...

economic thought of the rightly guided caliphs 97 unbelievers until they would witness that there was no God but one and that Mu ...

98 chapter three the Islamic state. True, the Bedouin bowed to the will of the Prophet and to the Prophet’s Islamic state, but A ...

economic thought of the rightly guided caliphs 99 the rate of tax was known in advance, as well as that of equity, as Zakàh had ...

100 chapter three One main factor in Caliph Umar’s life seemed to have influenced his state policies: his late conversion to Isl ...

economic thought of the rightly guided caliphs 101 other Muslims found difficult to understand. He disagreed with the Prophet an ...

102 chapter three The Expansion of the Islamic State under Caliph Umar The expansion of the Islamic state must have been in the ...