Islamic Economics: A Short History

the abbasìd’s golden age 163 described as weak and were not included in the category of eminent scholars. Tawhìd became the know ...

164 chapter five Development of Islamic Juridical Philosophy The first wave of Islamic writing on economics was preceded with, a ...

the abbasìd’s golden age 165 Yazìd I (680–683), promising him their military support. However, their support did not materialize ...

166 chapter five companions’ opinion, served as a third basis of jurisprudence after the Qur"àn and the Sunnah. By the increasin ...

the abbasìd’s golden age 167 taken for the first time by al-Bùkhari (810–870), followed by Muslim- ibn-al-Œajjaj (d 875), Abù-Da ...

168 chapter five in the books of jurisprudence. The Shafi"ì were mainly in Lower Egypt, Syria, Jordan and Lebanon, although they ...

the abbasìd’s golden age 169 The First Specialised Books on Islamic Economics Writing on Kharàj Meaning of Kharàj The word Kharà ...

170 chapter five comprehensive treatise on the collection of tax. Abù-Yùsuf, the Œanafì, wrote the book “al-Kharàj” which is the ...

the abbasìd’s golden age 171 In terms of the size of the work, the depth and variety of treat- ment, and the comprehensibility o ...

172 chapter five Although it helps define Abù-Yùsuf ’s independent thinking, the difference, by the degree of intensity and freq ...

the abbasìd’s golden age 173 doubt, but that did not stop Abù-Yùsuf from referring to himself as being asked. A credit to a juri ...

174 chapter five The subject of the book was to provide a comprehensive study, on “... the collection of the Kharàj, tithes, alm ...

the abbasìd’s golden age 175 Introduction Expenditures and distribution of revenue Taxation Land Taxation Kharàj Ushr Administra ...

176 chapter five On the issue of the distribution of Zakàh revenue, which came under the Zakàh section in his book, Abù-Yùsuf st ...

the abbasìd’s golden age 177 needed by both the poor and the rich, and more so by the poor, regardless of the amount of tax coll ...

178 chapter five of Iraq, al-Sawad, was conquered: a fixed rate with a threshold. In his treatise, Abù-Yùsuf deviated from Umar’ ...

the abbasìd’s golden age 179 tax reflected the complete fairness he wanted to achieve. But by the assertion of the two administr ...

180 chapter five Uthmàn’s and Œuûaifah’s answer to Caliph Umar’s question that they left excess which they could have taxed if ...

the abbasìd’s golden age 181 or the income earned by female workers or those who embraced Islam. In the light of the above Abù-Y ...

182 chapter five authority. In both cases, whatever was easier to the taxpayers was to be used. Also, perishable commodities, su ...