Organic Chemistry

Section 19.8 Alkylation of the -Carbon of Carbonyl Compoundsa 801 3-D Molecule: N,N-Dimethylhydrazone of 2-methylcyclohexanone H ...

Now continue on to Problem 14. PROBLEM 14 How could each of the following compounds be prepared from a ketone and an alkyl halid ...

Section 19.9 Alkylation and Acylation of the -Carbon via an Enamine Intermediatea 803 This means that electrophiles can be added ...

Alternatively, the of an aldehyde or a ketone can be made to react with a nucleophileby first brominating the of the carbonyl co ...

Section 19.10 Alkylation of the -Carbon: The Michael Reactionb 805 All these reactions take place by the same mechanism: A base ...

806 CHAPTER 19 Carbonyl Compounds III PROBLEM 16 What reagents would you use to prepare the following compounds? 19.11 The Aldo ...

Section 19.12 Dehydration of Aldol Addition Products: Formation of a,b-Unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones 807 Ketones are less su ...

and can also be dehydrated under basic conditions, so heating the aldol addition product in either acid or base leads to dehy- d ...

Section 19.13 The Mixed Aldol Addition 809 lose a proton from an to form enolates and can react with either A or B, and can reac ...

810 CHAPTER 19 Carbonyl Compounds III Ludwig Claisen (1851–1930)was born in Germany and received a Ph.D. from the University of ...

Section 19.14 The Claisen Condensation 811 After nucleophilic attack, the Claisen condensation and the aldol addition differ. In ...

812 CHAPTER 19 Carbonyl Compounds III Consequently, a successful Claisen condensation requires an ester with two and an equivale ...

Section 19.15 The Mixed Claisen Condensation 813 Tutorial: Claisen reactions—synthesis A aldehyde is formed when a ketone conden ...

SOLUTION TO 27b Because the desired compound is a 1,5-dicarbonyl compound, it can be prepared by a Michael reaction—treating an ...

Section 19.16 Intramolecular Condensation and Addition Reactions 815 to completion by carrying out the reaction with enough base ...

PROBLEM 29 If the preference for formation of a six-membered ring were not so great, what other cyclic product would be formed ...

PROBLEM 32 Give the product of the reaction of each of the following compounds with a base: a. c. b. d. The Robinson Annulation ...

Therefore, the required reactants for (a) are: By cutting through (b), we can determine the required reactants for its synthesis ...

Section 19.17 Decarboxylation of 3-Oxocarboxylic Acids 819 If, however, the group is bonded to a carbon that is adjacent to a ca ...

820 CHAPTER 19 Carbonyl Compounds III O CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 COH + CO 2 + AgBr Ag 2 O Br 2 , ∆ CH^3 CH^2 CH^2 CH^2 Br pentanoic ...