Facts on File Encyclopedia of Health and Medicine

hesitation when urinating (stopping and start- ing during the flow) URINARY URGENCYandURINARY FREQUENCY, espe- cially at night ...

The glandular components of the adult female breast are the lactiferous glands, which can pro- duce and secrete milk, and the la ...

process, called overexpression, alters the way in which the cells grow and divide. Hormonal factors Breast cancer cells may have ...

safe margin of normal tissue), segmental MASTEC- TOMY(removal of the one quarter segment of the breast that contains the tumor), ...

CHEMOTHERAPY AGENTS TO TREAT BREAST CANCER capecitabine cyclophosphamide docetaxel doxorubicin epirubicin 5-fluorouracil (5FU) g ...

completely at one breast before switching to the other, even if the infant becomes satiated before switching or before finishing ...

Women who have fibrocystic breasts may experi- ence increased symptoms during this time. Know- ing these cyclic patterns makes i ...

C cancer of the penis A malignant (cancerous) tumor that arises from the tissues of the PENIS. Cancer of the penis is rare and u ...

The diagnostic path begins with pelvic exami- nation, Pap test, and HPV testing, including HPV DNA. COLPOSCOPY(examination of th ...

Treatment Options and Outlook Cervical cancer is almost always curable with min- imally invasive treatment when doctors detect i ...

Treatment Options and Outlook Standard treatment for CIN is removal of the abnormal cells with follow-up pelvic exam, Pap test, ...

COMMON REASONS FOR CESAREAN SECTION cephalopelvic disproportion ECLAMPSIA erratic fetal heartbeat GENITAL HERPESoutbreak higher ...

Outlook and Lifestyle Modifications While the incision is healing the woman needs substantial help carrying and lifting the infa ...

In active labor contractions continue to increase in frequency and intensity, and discom- fort progresses to PAIN. Many women fe ...

whether, with severe disorders or deformities, to continue the pregnancy. To withdraw the sample of cells the obstetrician may i ...

TRACT INFECTION (UTI) during early childhood. Uncircumcised men are more likely to acquire infections such as balanitis and perh ...

contraception 265 COMMON METHODS OF CONTRACEPTION Method Male or Availability Ease of Use Effectiveness When Used Female Correct ...

Common forms of contraception include bar- rier methods, hormonal methods, mechanical methods, chemical methods, surgical method ...

alter the environment within the UTERUSsuch that a fertilized ovum (egg) cannot implant. The woman must take emergency contracep ...

D dilation and curettage (D&C) A surgical proce- dure, also called dilatation and curettage, in which the gynecologist widen ...